(n.) The unit of monetary value in Russia. It is divided into 100 copecks, and in the gold coin of the realm (as in the five and ten ruble pieces) is worth about 77 cents. The silver ruble is a coin worth about 60 cents.

(n.) A plaited, quilled, or goffered strip of lace, net, ribbon, or other material, -- used in place of collars or cuffs, and as a trimming for women's dresses and bonnets.

(n.) A pile of arched tiles, used to catch and retain oyster spawn.

(n.) A kind of larva, or nurse, which is prroduced within the sporocyst of certain trematodes by asexual generation. It in turn produces, in the same way, either another generation of rediae, or else cercariae within its own body. Called also proscolex, and nurse. See Illustration in Appendix.

(adv.) In a red manner; with redness.

(v. t.) To refit; to repair, or make reparation for; hence, to repay or requite.

(imp. & p. p.) of Race

(n.) One who, or that which, races, or contends in a race; esp., a race horse.

(n.) The common American black snake.

(n.) One of the circular iron or steel rails on which the chassis of a heavy gun is turned.

(n.) A dog that pursued his prey by scent, as distinguished from the greyhound.

(n.) pl. of Radius.

(pl. ) of Radius

(n.) A primitive word, from which spring other words; a radical; a root; an etymon.

(n.) A number or quantity which is arbitrarily made the fundamental number of any system; a base. Thus, 10 is the radix, or base, of the common system of logarithms, and also of the decimal system of numeration.

(n.) A finite expression, from which a series is derived.

(n.) The root of a plant.

(a.) Damp; musty.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rage

(a.) Ragged; rough.

(a.) Abounding with rain; wet; showery; as, rainy weather; a rainy day or season.

(v. t.) To cause to rise; to bring from a lower to a higher place; to lift upward; to elevate; to heave; as, to raise a stone or weight.

(v. t.) To bring to a higher condition or situation; to elevate in rank, dignity, and the like; to increase the value or estimation of; to promote; to exalt; to advance; to enhance; as, to raise from a low estate; to raise to office; to raise the price, and the like.

(v. t.) To increase the strength, vigor, or vehemence of; to excite; to intensify; to invigorate; to heighten; as, to raise the pulse; to raise the voice; to raise the spirits or the courage; to raise the heat of a furnace.

(v. t.) To elevate in degree according to some scale; as, to raise the pitch of the voice; to raise the temperature of a room.

(v. t.) To cause to rise up, or assume an erect position or posture; to set up; to make upright; as, to raise a mast or flagstaff.

(v. t.) To cause to spring up from a recumbent position, from a state of quiet, or the like; to awaken; to arouse.

(v. t.) To rouse to action; to stir up; to incite to tumult, struggle, or war; to excite.

(v. t.) To bring up from the lower world; to call up, as a spirit from the world of spirits; to recall from death; to give life to.

(v. t.) To cause to arise, grow up, or come into being or to appear; to give rise to; to originate, produce, cause, effect, or the like.

(v. t.) To form by the accumulation of materials or constituent parts; to build up; to erect; as, to raise a lofty structure, a wall, a heap of stones.

(v. t.) To bring together; to collect; to levy; to get together or obtain for use or service; as, to raise money, troops, and the like.

(v. t.) To cause to grow; to procure to be produced, bred, or propagated; to grow; as, to raise corn, barley, hops, etc.; toraise cattle.

(v. t.) To bring into being; to produce; to cause to arise, come forth, or appear; -- often with up.

(v. t.) To give rise to; to set agoing; to occasion; to start; to originate; as, to raise a smile or a blush.

(v. t.) To give vent or utterance to; to utter; to strike up.

(v. t.) To bring to notice; to submit for consideration; as, to raise a point of order; to raise an objection.

(v. t.) To cause to rise, as by the effect of leaven; to make light and spongy, as bread.

(v. t.) To cause (the land or any other object) to seem higher by drawing nearer to it; as, to raise Sandy Hook light.

(v. t.) To let go; as in the command, Raise tacks and sheets, i. e., Let go tacks and sheets.

(v. t.) To create or constitute; as, to raise a use, that is, to create it.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rake

(n.) One who, or that which, rakes

(n.) A person who uses a rake.

(n.) A machine for raking grain or hay by horse or other power.

(n.) A gun so placed as to rake an enemy's ship.

(n.) See Gill rakers, under 1st Gill.

(n.) The electric catfish.

(v. t.) To collect, and reduce to order, as troops dispersed or thrown into confusion; to gather again; to reunite.

(v. i.) To come into orderly arrangement; to renew order, or united effort, as troops scattered or put to flight; to assemble; to unite.

(v. i.) To collect one's vital powers or forces; to regain health or consciousness; to recuperate.

(v. i.) To recover strength after a decline in prices; -- said of the market, stocks, etc.

(n.) The act or process of rallying (in any of the senses of that word).

(n.) A political mass meeting.

(v. t.) To attack with raillery, either in good humor and pleasantry, or with slight contempt or satire.

(v. i.) To use pleasantry, or satirical merriment.

(n.) Good-humored raillery.

(n.) Furious; raging; extremely violent.

(n.) Extreme, unreasonable, or fanatical in opinion; excessively zealous; as, a rabid socialist.

(n.) Affected with the distemper called rabies; mad; as, a rabid dog or fox.

(n.) Of or pertaining to rabies, or hydrophobia; as, rabid virus.

(n.) A rubber of hard wood used in smoothing marble to be polished.

(a.) Of or pertaining to a ramus, or branch; rameal.

(a.) Having the frames, stem, and sternpost adjusted; -- said of a ship on the stocks.

(n.) The grass-cloth plant (B/hmeria nivea); also, its fiber, which is very fine and exceedingly strong; -- called also China grass, and rhea. See Grass-cloth plant, under Grass.

(a.) Full of reefs or rocks.

(a.) Soiled with smoke or steam; smoky; foul.

(a.) Emitting reek.

(v. t.) To refute; to disprove; as, to refel the tricks of a sophister.

(v. t.) To carry or send back.

(v. t.) Hence: To send or direct away; to send or direct elsewhere, as for treatment, aid, information, decision, etc.; to make over, or pass over, to another; as, to refer a student to an author; to refer a beggar to an officer; to refer a bill to a committee; a court refers a matter of fact to a commissioner for investigation, or refers a question of law to a superior tribunal.

(v. t.) To place in or under by a mental or rational process; to assign to, as a class, a cause, source, a motive, reason, or ground of explanation; as, he referred the phenomena to electrical disturbances.

(v. i.) To have recourse; to apply; to appeal; to betake one's self; as, to refer to a dictionary.

(v. i.) To have relation or reference; to relate; to point; as, the figure refers to a footnote.

(v. i.) To carry the mind or thought; to direct attention; as, the preacher referred to the late election.

(v. i.) To direct inquiry for information or a guarantee of any kind, as in respect to one's integrity, capacity, pecuniary ability, and the like; as, I referred to his employer for the truth of his story.

(v. t.) To fit or prepare for use again; to repair; to restore after damage or decay; as, to refit a garment; to refit ships of war.

(v. t.) To fit out or supply a second time.

(v. i.) To obtain repairs or supplies; as, the fleet returned to refit.

(v. t.) To fix again or anew; to establish anew.

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rue

(v. t.) To set again; as, to reset type; to reset copy; to reset a diamond.

(n.) The act of resetting.

(n.) That which is reset; matter set up again.

(n.) The receiving of stolen goods, or harboring an outlaw.

(v. t.) To harbor or secrete; to hide, as stolen goods or a criminal.

(n.) Any one of a class of yellowish brown solid inflammable substances, of vegetable origin, which are nonconductors of electricity, have a vitreous fracture, and are soluble in ether, alcohol, and essential oils, but not in water; specif., pine resin (see Rosin).

(v. t.) To sow again.

(a.) Disposed to rest; indisposed toexercton; sluggish; also, restive.

(n.) A small freshwater European perch (Acerina vulgaris); -- called also pope, blacktail, and stone, / striped, perch.

(pl. ) of Ruga

(a.) Rugged; rough.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rule

(n.) One who rules; one who exercises sway or authority; a governor.

(n.) A straight or curved strip of wood, metal, etc., with a smooth edge, used for guiding a pen or pencil in drawing lines. Cf. Rule, n., 7 (a).

(n.) Grog.

(n.) The first stomach of ruminants; the paunch; the fardingbag. See Illust. below.

(n.) The cud of a ruminant.

(a.) Of or pertaining to rum; characteristic of rum; as a rummy flavor.

(v. i.) To make an effort to vomit; to strain, as in vomiting.

(v. t. & i.) To care for; to heed; to reck.

(n.) One who drinks rum; an habitually intemperate person.

(a.) Strange; odd.

(n.) The wild radish.

(n.) A bard, or learned man, among the ancient Goths.

(a.) Of or pertaining to a rune, to runes, or to the Norsemen; as, runic verses; runic letters; runic names; runic rhyme.

(a.) Like a runt; diminutive; mean.

(n.) A silver coin, and money of account, in the East Indies.

(n.) An eruption upon the skin, consisting of vesicles with inflamed base and filled with serous, purulent, or bloody fluid, which dries up, forming a blackish crust.

(a.) Of or pertaining to the country, as distinguished from a city or town; living in the country; suitable for, or resembling, the country; rustic; as, rural scenes; a rural prospect.

(a.) Of or pertaining to agriculture; as, rural economy.

(a.) Abounding with rushes.

(a.) Made of rushes.

(n.) A depilatory made of orpiment and quicklime, and used by the Turks. See Rhusma.

(a.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, rue (Ruta); as, rutic acid, now commonly called capric acid.

(n.) A glucoside resembling, but distinct from, quercitrin. Rutin is found in the leaves of the rue (Ruta graveolens) and other plants, and obtained as a bitter yellow crystalline substance which yields quercitin on decomposition.

(a.) Ruttish; lustful.

(a.) Full of ruts; as, a rutty road.

(a.) Rooty.

(n.) See Reveal.

(v. i.) A feast with loose and noisy jollity; riotous festivity or merrymaking; a carousal.

(v. i.) To feast in a riotous manner; to carouse; to act the bacchanalian; to make merry.

(v. i.) To move playfully; to indulge without restraint.

(v. t.) To draw back; to retract.

(v. t.) To face, as an embankment, with masonry, wood, or other material.

(v. t.) To vie with, or rival, in return.

(v. t.) To meet a wager on, as on the taking of a trick, with a higher wager.

(v. i.) To exceed an adversary's wager in card playing.

(v. i.) To make a retort; to bandy words.

(a.) Of or pertaining to a king; kingly; royal; as, regal authority, pomp, or sway.

(n.) A small portable organ, played with one hand, the bellows being worked with the other, -- used in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

(n.) A gunlock.

(v. t.) To win again, or win back.

(pl. ) of Rex

(a.) Like a ram; rammish.

(n.) See Rigel.

(a.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (commonly called chrysophanic acid) found in rhubarb (Rheum).

(n.) A branch; a projecting part or prominent process; a ramification.

(v. t.) To get again.

(n.) A water course; a ditch.

(a.) Having a general affinity to ranunculaceous plants.

(v. t.) To wrench; to tear; to sprain; to injure by violent straining or contortion.

(n.) A tract of land used for grazing and the rearing of horses, cattle, or sheep. See Rancho, 2.

(v. t.) To rule; to govern.

(n.) A kind of dry fruit, consisting of three or more cells, each which at length breaks open at the inner angle.

(n.) A line which crosses successive meridians at a constant angle; -- called also rhumb line, and loxodromic curve. See Loxodromic.

(n.) An expression of thought in numbers, measure, or verse; a composition in verse; a rhymed tale; poetry; harmony of language.

(n.) Correspondence of sound in the terminating words or syllables of two or more verses, one succeeding another immediately or at no great distance. The words or syllables so used must not begin with the same consonant, or if one begins with a vowel the other must begin with a consonant. The vowel sounds and accents must be the same, as also the sounds of the final consonants if there be any.

(n.) Verses, usually two, having this correspondence with each other; a couplet; a poem containing rhymes.

(n.) A word answering in sound to another word.

(n.) To make rhymes, or verses.

(n.) To accord in rhyme or sound.

(v. t.) To put into rhyme.

(v. t.) To influence by rhyme.

(n.) The erd shrew.

(a.) Wild; noisy; boisterous.

(n.) Royal authority; supreme power; sovereignty; rule; dominion.

(n.) The territory or sphere which is reigned over; kingdom; empire; realm; dominion.

(n.) The time during which a king, queen, or emperor possesses the supreme authority; as, it happened in the reign of Elizabeth.

(n.) To possess or exercise sovereign power or authority; to exercise government, as a king or emperor;; to hold supreme power; to rule.

(n.) Hence, to be predominant; to prevail.

(n.) To have superior or uncontrolled dominion; to rule.

(a.) Laughing; laughable; exciting gayety; gay; merry; delightful to the view, as a landscape.

() imp. pl. & p. p. of Ride.

(n.) A line, ridge, furrow, or band of fibers, especially in the median line; as, the raphe of the tongue.

(n.) Same as Rhaphe.

(a.) Very swift or quick; moving with celerity; fast; as, a rapid stream; a rapid flight; a rapid motion.

(a.) Advancing with haste or speed; speedy in progression; in quick sequence; as, rapid growth; rapid improvement; rapid recurrence; rapid succession.

(a.) Quick in execution; as, a rapid penman.

(a.) The part of a river where the current moves with great swiftness, but without actual waterfall or cascade; -- usually in the plural; as, the Lachine rapids in the St. Lawrence.

(n. pl.) The kidneys; also, the region of the kidneys; the loins.

(n. pl.) The inward impulses; the affections and passions; -- so called because formerly supposed to have their seat in the part of the body where the kidneys are.

(n.) The back, or top of the back; a crest.

(n.) A range of hills or mountains, or the upper part of such a range; any extended elevation between valleys.

(n.) A raised line or strip, as of ground thrown up by a plow or left between furrows or ditches, or as on the surface of metal, cloth, or bone, etc.

(n.) The intersection of two surface forming a salient angle, especially the angle at the top between the opposite slopes or sides of a roof or a vault.

(n.) The highest portion of the glacis proceeding from the salient angle of the covered way.

(v. t.) To form a ridge of; to furnish with a ridge or ridges; to make into a ridge or ridges.

(v. t.) To form into ridges with the plow, as land.

(v. t.) To wrinkle.

(a.) Having a ridge or ridges; rising in a ridge.

(v. t.) To seize and bear away by force; to snatch away; to carry off.

(v. t.) To strip; to rob; to pillage.

(v. t.) To raffle.

(v. i.) To raffle.

(v. i.) To commit robbery.

(n.) A gun, the inside of whose barrel is grooved with spiral channels, thus giving the ball a rotary motion and insuring greater accuracy of fire. As a military firearm it has superseded the musket.

(n.) A body of soldiers armed with rifles.

(n.) A strip of wood covered with emery or a similar material, used for sharpening scythes.

(v. t.) To grove; to channel; especially, to groove internally with spiral channels; as, to rifle a gun barrel or a cannon.

(v. t.) To whet with a rifle. See Rifle, n., 3.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rase

(a.) Straight; direct; not crooked; as, a right line.

(a.) Upright; erect from a base; having an upright axis; not oblique; as, right ascension; a right pyramid or cone.

(a.) Conformed to the constitution of man and the will of God, or to justice and equity; not deviating from the true and just; according with truth and duty; just; true.

(a.) Fit; suitable; proper; correct; becoming; as, the right man in the right place; the right way from London to Oxford.

(a.) Characterized by reality or genuineness; real; actual; not spurious.

(a.) According with truth; passing a true judgment; conforming to fact or intent; not mistaken or wrong; not erroneous; correct; as, this is the right faith.

(a.) Most favorable or convenient; fortunate.

(a.) Of or pertaining to that side of the body in man on which the muscular action is usually stronger than on the other side; -- opposed to left when used in reference to a part of the body; as, the right side, hand, arm. Also applied to the corresponding side of the lower animals.

(a.) Well placed, disposed, or adjusted; orderly; well regulated; correctly done.

(a.) Designed to be placed or worn outward; as, the right side of a piece of cloth.

(adv.) In a right manner.

(adv.) In a right or straight line; directly; hence; straightway; immediately; next; as, he stood right before me; it went right to the mark; he came right out; he followed right after the guide.

(adv.) Exactly; just.

(adv.) According to the law or will of God; conforming to the standard of truth and justice; righteously; as, to live right; to judge right.

(adv.) According to any rule of art; correctly.

(adv.) According to fact or truth; actually; truly; really; correctly; exactly; as, to tell a story right.

(adv.) In a great degree; very; wholly; unqualifiedly; extremely; highly; as, right humble; right noble; right valiant.

(a.) That which is right or correct.

(a.) The straight course; adherence to duty; obedience to lawful authority, divine or human; freedom from guilt, -- the opposite of moral wrong.

(a.) Like a rasp, or the sound made by a rasp; grating.

(n.) A carnivore (Viverricula Mallaccensis) allied to the civet but smaller, native of China and the East Indies. It furnishes a perfume resembling that of the civet, which is highly prized by the Javanese. Called also Malacca weasel, and lesser civet.

(n.) See Rattan.

(n.) Same as Rotche.

(n.) A ratchet wheel, or notched bar, with which a pawl or click works.

(a.) A true statement; freedom from error of falsehood; adherence to truth or fact.

(a.) A just judgment or action; that which is true or proper; justice; uprightness; integrity.

(a.) That to which one has a just claim.

(a.) That which one has a natural claim to exact.

(a.) That which one has a legal or social claim to do or to exact; legal power; authority; as, a sheriff has a right to arrest a criminal.

(a.) That which justly belongs to one; that which one has a claim to possess or own; the interest or share which anyone has in a piece of property; title; claim; interest; ownership.

(a.) Privilege or immunity granted by authority.

(a.) The right side; the side opposite to the left.

(a.) In some legislative bodies of Europe (as in France), those members collectively who are conservatives or monarchists. See Center, 5.

(a.) The outward or most finished surface, as of a piece of cloth, a carpet, etc.

(a.) To bring or restore to the proper or natural position; to set upright; to make right or straight (that which has been wrong or crooked); to correct.

(a.) To do justice to; to relieve from wrong; to restore rights to; to assert or regain the rights of; as, to right the oppressed; to right one's self; also, to vindicate.

(v. i.) To recover the proper or natural condition or position; to become upright.

(v. i.) Hence, to regain an upright position, as a ship or boat, after careening.

(a.) Firm; stiff; unyielding; not pliant; not flexible.

(a.) Hence, not lax or indulgent; severe; inflexible; strict; as, a rigid father or master; rigid discipline; rigid criticism; a rigid sentence.

(n.) A circle; hence, a diadem.

(n.) Rigidity; stiffness.

(n.) A sense of chilliness, with contraction of the skin; a convulsive shuddering or tremor, as in the chill preceding a fever.

(n.) The becoming stiff or rigid; the state of being rigid; rigidity; stiffness; hardness.

(n.) See 1st Rigor, 2.

(n.) Severity of climate or season; inclemency; as, the rigor of the storm; the rigors of winter.

(n.) Stiffness of opinion or temper; rugged sternness; hardness; relentless severity; hard-heartedness; cruelty.

(n.) Exactness without allowance, deviation, or indulgence; strictness; as, the rigor of criticism; to execute a law with rigor; to enforce moral duties with rigor; -- opposed to lenity.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rate

(n.) Any carnivore of the genus Mellivora, allied to the weasels and the skunks; -- called also honey badger.

(n.) One who rates or estimates.

(n.) One who rates or scolds.

(a.) Coming before others, or before the usual time; early.

(adv.) Early; soon; betimes.

(n.) To make lax or loose; to make less close, firm, rigid, tense, or the like; to slacken; to loosen; to open; as, to relax a rope or cord; to relax the muscles or sinews.

(n.) To make less severe or rigorous; to abate the stringency of; to remit in respect to strenuousness, earnestness, or effort; as, to relax discipline; to relax one's attention or endeavors.

(n.) Hence, to relieve from attention or effort; to ease; to recreate; to divert; as, amusement relaxes the mind.

(n.) To relieve from constipation; to loosen; to open; as, an aperient relaxes the bowels.

(v. i.) To become lax, weak, or loose; as, to let one's grasp relax.

(v. i.) To abate in severity; to become less rigorous.

(v. i.) To remit attention or effort; to become less diligent; to unbend; as, to relax in study.

(n.) Relaxation.

(a.) Relaxed; lax; hence, remiss; careless.

(n.) Severity of life; austerity; voluntary submission to pain, abstinence, or mortification.

(n.) Violence; force; fury.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rile

(n.) One of certain narrow, crooked valleys seen, by aid of the telescope, on the surface of the moon.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rime

(n.) A rhymer; a versifier.

(n.) A tool for shaping the rimes of a ladder.

(n.) The relation which one quantity or magnitude has to another of the same kind. It is expressed by the quotient of the division of the first by the second; thus, the ratio of 3 to 6 is expressed by / or /; of a to b by a/b; or (less commonly) the second term is made the dividend; as, a:b = b/a.

(n.) Hence, fixed relation of number, quantity, or degree; rate; proportion; as, the ratio of representation in Congress.

(n.) Gold and silver, or money.

(n.) An equilateral parallelogram, or quadrilateral figure whose sides are equal and the opposite sides parallel. The angles may be unequal, two being obtuse and two acute, as in the cut, or the angles may be equal, in which case it is usually called a square.

(n.) A rhombohedron.

(n.) That which remains; that which is left after loss or decay; a remaining portion; a remnant.

(n.) The body from which the soul has departed; a corpse; especially, the body, or some part of the body, of a deceased saint or martyr; -- usually in the plural when referring to the whole body.

(a.) Having a rind or skin.

(n.) Hence, a memorial; anything preserved in remembrance; as, relics of youthful days or friendships.

(v. t.) To wash lightly; to cleanse with a second or repeated application of water after washing.

(v. t.) To cleancse by the introduction of water; -- applied especially to hollow vessels; as, to rinse a bottle.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rave

(n.) The act of rinsing.

(v. i.) To grow ripe; to become mature, as grain, fruit, flowers, and the like; as, grapes ripen in the sun.

(v. i.) To approach or come to perfection.

(v. t.) To cause to mature; to make ripe; as, the warm days ripened the corn.

(v. t.) To mature; to fit or prepare; to bring to perfection; as, to ripen the judgment.

(p. p.) of Rise

(n.) One who raves.

(a.) Ravenous.

(n.) Alt. of Ravine

(v. t. & i.) Alt. of Ravine

(adv.) In a raw manner; unskillfully; without experience.

(adv.) Without proper preparation or provision.

() p. p. & a. from Rise.

(p. p. & a.) Obs. imp. pl. of Rise.

(n.) One who rises; as, an early riser.

(n.) The upright piece of a step, from tread to tread.

(n.) Any small upright face, as of a seat, platform, veranda, or the like.

(n.) A shaft excavated from below upward.

(n.) A feed head. See under Feed, n.

(a.) Attended with risk or danger; hazardous.

(n.) A person having a common right or privilege with another; a partner.

(n.) One who is in pursuit of the same object as another; one striving to reach or obtain something which another is attempting to obtain, and which one only can posses; a competitor; as, rivals in love; rivals for a crown.

(a.) Having the same pretensions or claims; standing in competition for superiority; as, rival lovers; rival claims or pretensions.

(v. t.) To stand in competition with; to strive to gain some object in opposition to; as, to rival one in love.

(v. t.) To strive to equal or exel; to emulate.

(v. i.) To be in rivalry.

(imp.) of Rive

(p. p.) of Rive

() of Rive

(v. t.) To contract into wrinkles; to shrivel; to shrink; as, riveled fruit; riveled flowers.

(n.) A wrinkle; a rimple.

() p. p. & a. from Rive.

(n.) A metallic pin with a head, used for uniting two plates or pieces of material together, by passing it through them and then beating or pressing down the point so that it shall spread out and form a second head; a pin or bolt headed or clinched at both ends.

(v. t.) To fasten with a rivet, or with rivets; as, to rivet two pieces of iron.

(v. t.) To spread out the end or point of, as of a metallic pin, rod, or bolt, by beating or pressing, so as to form a sort of head.

(v. t.) Hence, to fasten firmly; to make firm, strong, or immovable; as, to rivet friendship or affection.

(imp. & p. p.) of Ray

(n.) A person not a Mohammedan, who pays the capitation tax.

(n.) Ray; beam.

(imp. & p. p.) of Raze

(a.) Slashed or striped in patterns.

(v. t.) An armed ship having her upper deck cut away, and thus reduced to the next inferior rate, as a seventy-four cut down to a frigate.

(v. t.) To cut down to a less number of decks, and thus to an inferior rate or class, as a ship; hence, to prune or abridge by cutting off or retrenching parts; as, to razee a book, or an article.

(v. t.) A keen-edged knife of peculiar shape, used in shaving the hair from the face or the head.

(v. t.) A tusk of a wild boar.

(v. i.) To retch.

(n.) An effort to vomit.

(v. t.) To cook by exposure to radiant heat before a fire; as, to roast meat on a spit, or in an oven open toward the fire and having reflecting surfaces within; also, to cook in a close oven.

(v. t.) To cook by surrounding with hot embers, ashes, sand, etc.; as, to roast a potato in ashes.

(v. t.) To dry and parch by exposure to heat; as, to roast coffee; to roast chestnuts, or peanuts.

(v. t.) Hence, to heat to excess; to heat violently; to burn.

(v. t.) To dissipate by heat the volatile parts of, as ores.

(v. t.) To banter severely.

(v. i.) To cook meat, fish, etc., by heat, as before the fire or in an oven.

(v. i.) To undergo the process of being roasted.

(n.) That which is roasted; a piece of meat which has been roasted, or is suitable for being roasted.

(a.) Roasted; as, roast beef.

(v. t.) To extend; to stretch; to thrust out; to put forth, as a limb, a member, something held, or the like.

(v. t.) Hence, to deliver by stretching out a member, especially the hand; to give with the hand; to pass to another; to hand over; as, to reach one a book.

(v. t.) To attain or obtain by stretching forth the hand; to extend some part of the body, or something held by one, so as to touch, strike, grasp, or the like; as, to reach an object with the hand, or with a spear.

(v. t.) To strike, hit, or touch with a missile; as, to reach an object with an arrow, a bullet, or a shell.

(v. t.) Hence, to extend an action, effort, or influence to; to penetrate to; to pierce, or cut, as far as.

(v. t.) To extend to; to stretch out as far as; to touch by virtue of extent; as, his land reaches the river.

(v. t.) To arrive at; to come to; to get as far as.

(v. t.) To arrive at by effort of any kind; to attain to; to gain; to be advanced to.

(v. t.) To understand; to comprehend.

(v. t.) To overreach; to deceive.

(v. i.) To stretch out the hand.

(v. i.) To strain after something; to make efforts.

(v. i.) To extend in dimension, time, amount, action, influence, etc., so as to touch, attain to, or be equal to, something.

(v. i.) To sail on the wind, as from one point of tacking to another, or with the wind nearly abeam.

(n.) The act of stretching or extending; extension; power of reaching or touching with the person, or a limb, or something held or thrown; as, the fruit is beyond my reach; to be within reach of cannon shot.

(n.) The power of stretching out or extending action, influence, or the like; power of attainment or management; extent of force or capacity.

(n.) Extent; stretch; expanse; hence, application; influence; result; scope.

(n.) An extended portion of land or water; a stretch; a straight portion of a stream or river, as from one turn to another; a level stretch, as between locks in a canal; an arm of the sea extending up into the land.

(n.) An artifice to obtain an advantage.

(n.) The pole or rod which connects the hind axle with the forward bolster of a wagon.

(imp. & p. p.) of Robe

(v. t.) To send back; to give up; to surrender; to resign.

(v. t.) To restore.

(v. t.) To transmit or send, esp. to a distance, as money in payment of a demand, account, draft, etc.; as, he remitted the amount by mail.

(v. t.) To send off or away; hence: (a) To refer or direct (one) for information, guidance, help, etc. "Remitting them . . . to the works of Galen." Sir T. Elyot. (b) To submit, refer, or leave (something) for judgment or decision.

(v. t.) To relax in intensity; to make less violent; to abate.

(v. t.) To forgive; to pardon; to remove.

(v. t.) To refrain from exacting or enforcing; as, to remit the performance of an obligation.

(v. i.) To abate in force or in violence; to grow less intense; to become moderated; to abate; to relax; as, a fever remits; the severity of the weather remits.

(v. i.) To send money, as in payment.

(v. t.) To mix again or repeatedly.

(n.) A round-up. See Round-up.

(n.) A royal jurisdiction or domain; a region which is under the dominion of a king; a kingdom.

(n.) Hence, in general, province; region; country; domain; department; division; as, the realm of fancy.

(n.) A vagrant; an idle, sturdy beggar; a vagabond; a tramp.

(n.) A deliberately dishonest person; a knave; a cheat.

(n.) One who is pleasantly mischievous or frolicsome; hence, often used as a term of endearment.

(n.) An elephant that has separated from a herd and roams about alone, in which state it is very savage.

(n.) A worthless plant occuring among seedlings of some choice variety.

(v. i.) To wander; to play the vagabond; to play knavish tricks.

(v. t.) To give the name or designation of rogue to; to decry.

(v. t.) To destroy (plants that do not come up to a required standard).

(a.) Roguish.

(n.) An inspissated juice. See Rob.

(a.) Turbid; as, roily water.

(n.) Parched Indian corn, pounded up and mixed with sugar; -- called also yokeage.

(v. t.) To remove.

(a.) Of or pertaining to the kidneys; in the region of the kidneys.

(v. t.) To deny; to disown.

(n.) A lariat.

(n.) An instrument formerly used which somewhat resembled the violin, having three strings, and being played with a bow.

(n.) A contemptuous term applied to an old woman.

(v. t.) To make new again; to restore to freshness, perfection, or vigor; to give new life to; to rejuvenate; to re/stablish; to recreate; to rebuild.

(v. t.) Specifically, to substitute for (an old obligation or right) a new one of the same nature; to continue in force; to make again; as, to renew a lease, note, or patent.

(v. t.) To begin again; to recommence.

(v. t.) To repeat; to go over again.

(v. t.) To make new spiritually; to regenerate.

(n.) A mode of expressing words and phrases by pictures of objects whose names resemble those words, or the syllables of which they are composed; enigmatical representation of words by figures; hence, a peculiar form of riddle made up of such representations.

(n.) A pictorial suggestion on a coat of arms of the name of the person to whom it belongs. See Canting arms, under Canting.

(v. t.) To mark or indicate by a rebus.

(v. t.) To drive or beat back; to repulse.

(v. t.) To contradict, meet, or oppose by argument, plea, or countervailing proof.

(v. i.) To retire; to recoil.

(v. i.) To make, or put in, an answer, as to a plaintiff's surrejoinder.

(v. i.) To become new, or as new; to grow or begin again.

(v. t.) To plunder; -- only in the phrase "to rape and renne." See under Rap, v. t., to snatch.

(v. i.) To run.

(n.) In France, interest payable by government on indebtedness; the bonds, shares, stocks, etc., which represent government indebtedness.

(a.) Broken, as an ordinary; cut off, or broken at the top, as a chevron, a bend, or the like.

(n.) A kind of script in which the heavy strokes are nearly upright, giving the characters when taken together a round look.

(n.) A composition, vocal or instrumental, commonly of a lively, cheerful character, in which the first strain recurs after each of the other strains.

(n.) See Rondeau, 1.

(a.) Having roofs.

(a.) Misty; gloomy.

(v. t.) To pay back; to refund; as, to repay money borrowed or advanced.

(v. t.) To make return or requital for; to recompense; -- in a good or bad sense; as, to repay kindness; to repay an injury.

(v. t.) To pay anew, or a second time, as a debt.

(a.) Having ample room; spacious; large; as, a roomy mansion; a roomy deck.

(v. t.) To drive back; to force to return; to check the advance of; to repulse as, to repel an enemy or an assailant.

(v. t.) To resist or oppose effectually; as, to repel an assault, an encroachment, or an argument.

(v. i.) To act with force in opposition to force impressed; to exercise repulsion.

(a.) Full of roots; as, rooty ground.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rope

(a.) Of or pertaining to dew; consisting of dew; dewy.

(a.) Of or pertaining to dew; resembling dew; dewy.

(a.) Dewy; bedewed.

(n.) A rosier; a rosebush.

(n.) A red color used by painters.

(v. i.) To make a return in words or writing; to respond; to answer.

(v. i.) To answer a defendant's plea.

(v. i.) Figuratively, to do something in return for something done; as, to reply to a signal; to reply to the fire of a battery.

(v. t.) To return for an answer.

(v. i.) That which is said, written, or done in answer to what is said, written, or done by another; an answer; a response.

(n.) The hard, amber-colored resin left after distilling off the volatile oil of turpentine; colophony.

(v. t.) To rub with rosin, as musicians rub the bow of a violin.

(n.) See Rota.

(a.) red.

(n.) A red amorphous powder consisting of ferric oxide. It is used in polishing glass, metal, or gems, and as a cosmetic, etc. Called also crocus, jeweler's rouge, etc.

(n.) A cosmetic used for giving a red color to the cheeks or lips. The best is prepared from the dried flowers of the safflower, but it is often made from carmine.

(v. i.) To paint the face or cheeks with rouge.

(v. t.) To tint with rouge; as, to rouge the face or the cheeks.

(n.) Having inequalities, small ridges, or points, on the surface; not smooth or plain; as, a rough board; a rough stone; rough cloth.

(n.) Not level; having a broken surface; uneven; -- said of a piece of land, or of a road.

(n.) Not polished; uncut; -- said of a gem; as, a rough diamond.

(n.) Tossed in waves; boisterous; high; -- said of a sea or other piece of water.

(n.) Marked by coarseness; shaggy; ragged; disordered; -- said of dress, appearance, or the like; as, a rough coat.

(n.) Hence, figuratively, lacking refinement, gentleness, or polish.

(n.) Not courteous or kind; harsh; rude; uncivil; as, a rough temper.

(n.) Marked by severity or violence; harsh; hard; as, rough measures or actions.

(n.) Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating; -- said of sound, voice, and the like; as, a rough tone; rough numbers.

(n.) Austere; harsh to the taste; as, rough wine.

(n.) Tempestuous; boisterous; stormy; as, rough weather; a rough day.

(n.) Hastily or carelessly done; wanting finish; incomplete; as, a rough estimate; a rough draught.

(n.) Produced offhand.

(n.) Boisterous weather.

(n.) A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a rowdy.

(adv.) In a rough manner; rudely; roughly.

(v. t.) To render rough; to roughen.

(v. t.) To break in, as a horse, especially for military purposes.

(v. t.) To cut or make in a hasty, rough manner; -- with out; as, to rough out a carving, a sketch.

(v. i. & t.) To whisper.

(a.) Having every portion of the surface or of the circumference equally distant from the center; spherical; circular; having a form approaching a spherical or a circular shape; orbicular; globular; as, a round ball.

(a.) Having the form of a cylinder; cylindrical; as, the barrel of a musket is round.

(a.) Having a curved outline or form; especially, one like the arc of a circle or an ellipse, or a portion of the surface of a sphere; rotund; bulging; protuberant; not angular or pointed; as, a round arch; round hills.

(a.) Full; complete; not broken; not fractional; approximately in even units, tens, hundreds, thousands, etc.; -- said of numbers.

(a.) Not inconsiderable; large; hence, generous; free; as, a round price.

(a.) Uttered or emitted with a full tone; as, a round voice; a round note.

(a.) Modified, as a vowel, by contraction of the lip opening, making the opening more or less round in shape; rounded; labialized; labial. See Guide to Pronunciation, / 11.

(a.) Outspoken; plain and direct; unreserved; unqualified; not mincing; as, a round answer; a round oath.

(a.) Full and smoothly expanded; not defective or abrupt; finished; polished; -- said of style, or of authors with reference to their style.

(a.) Complete and consistent; fair; just; -- applied to conduct.

(n.) Anything round, as a circle, a globe, a ring. "The golden round" [the crown].

(n.) A series of changes or events ending where it began; a series of like events recurring in continuance; a cycle; a periodical revolution; as, the round of the seasons; a round of pleasures.

(n.) A course of action or conduct performed by a number of persons in turn, or one after another, as if seated in a circle.

(n.) A series of duties or tasks which must be performed in turn, and then repeated.

(n.) A circular dance.

(n.) That which goes round a whole circle or company; as, a round of applause.

(n.) Rotation, as in office; succession.

(n.) The step of a ladder; a rundle or rung; also, a crosspiece which joins and braces the legs of a chair.

(n.) A course ending where it began; a circuit; a beat; especially, one freguently or regulary traversed; also, the act of traversing a circuit; as, a watchman's round; the rounds of the postman.

(n.) A walk performed by a guard or an officer round the rampart of a garrison, or among sentinels, to see that the sentinels are faithful and all things safe; also, the guard or officer, with his attendants, who performs this duty; -- usually in the plural.

(n.) A general discharge of firearms by a body of troops in which each soldier fires once.

(n.) Ammunition for discharging a piece or pieces once; as, twenty rounds of ammunition were given out.

(n.) A short vocal piece, resembling a catch in which three or four voices follow each other round in a species of canon in the unison.

(n.) The time during which prize fighters or boxers are in actual contest without an intermission, as prescribed by their rules; a bout.

(n.) A brewer's vessel in which the fermentation is concluded, the yeast escaping through the bunghole.

(n.) A vessel filled, as for drinking.

(n.) An assembly; a group; a circle; as, a round of politicians.

(n.) See Roundtop.

(n.) Same as Round of beef, below.

(adv.) On all sides; around.

(adv.) Circularly; in a circular form or manner; by revolving or reversing one's position; as, to turn one's head round; a wheel turns round.

(adv.) In circumference; as, a ball is ten inches round.

(adv.) From one side or party to another; as to come or turn round, -- that is, to change sides or opinions.

(adv.) By or in a circuit; by a course longer than the direct course; back to the starting point.

(adv.) Through a circle, as of friends or houses.

(adv.) Roundly; fully; vigorously.

(prep.) On every side of, so as to encompass or encircle; around; about; as, the people atood round him; to go round the city; to wind a cable round a windlass.

(v. t.) To make circular, spherical, or cylindrical; to give a round or convex figure to; as, to round a silver coin; to round the edges of anything.

(v. t.) To surround; to encircle; to encompass.

(v. t.) To bring to fullness or completeness; to complete; hence, to bring to a fit conclusion.

(v. t.) To go round wholly or in part; to go about (a corner or point); as, to round a corner; to round Cape Horn.

(v. t.) To make full, smooth, and flowing; as, to round periods in writing.

(v. i.) To grow round or full; hence, to attain to fullness, completeness, or perfection.

(v. i.) To go round, as a guard.

(v. i.) To go or turn round; to wheel about.

(v. i. & t.) To pull or haul strongly and all together, as upon a rope, without the assistance of mechanical appliances.

(n.) A bumper in honor of a toast or health.

(n.) A carousal; a festival; a drinking frolic.

(v.) To cause to start from a covert or lurking place; as, to rouse a deer or other animal of the chase.

(v.) To wake from sleep or repose; as, to rouse one early or suddenly.

(v.) To excite to lively thought or action from a state of idleness, languor, stupidity, or indifference; as, to rouse the faculties, passions, or emotions.

(v.) To put in motion; to stir up; to agitate.

(v.) To raise; to make erect.

(v. i.) To get or start up; to rise.

(v. i.) To awake from sleep or repose.

(v. i.) To be exited to thought or action from a state of indolence or inattention.

(v. t.) To rouse; to disturb; as, to roust one out.

(n.) A strong tide or current, especially in a narrow channel.

(n.) The course or way which is traveled or passed, or is to be passed; a passing; a course; a road or path; a march.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rove

(imp. & p. p.) of Row

(n.) One who engages in rows, or noisy quarrels; a ruffianly fellow.

(a.) Formed into a row, or rows; having a row, or rows; as, a twelve-rowed ear of corn.

(n.) The little wheel of a spur, with sharp points.

(n.) A little flat ring or wheel on horses' bits.

(n.) A roll of hair, silk, etc., passed through the flesh of horses, answering to a seton in human surgery.

(v. t.) To insert a rowel, or roll of hair or silk, into (as the flesh of a horse).

(n.) One who rows with an oar.

(v. t.) To saw again; specifically, to saw a balk, or a timber, which has already been squared, into dimension lumber, as joists, boards, etc.

(pl. ) of Rectus

(v. i.) To come back; to return again or repeatedly; to come again to mind.

(v. i.) To occur at a stated interval, or according to some regular rule; as, the fever will recur to-night.

(v. i.) To resort; to have recourse; to go for help.

(v. t.) To act or perform a second time; to do over again; as, to react a play; the same scenes were reacted at Rome.

(v. i.) To return an impulse or impression; to resist the action of another body by an opposite force; as, every body reacts on the body that impels it from its natural state.

(v. i.) To act upon each other; to exercise a reciprocal or a reverse effect, as two or more chemical agents; to act in opposition.

(n.) A writ of right.

(n.) The right-hand page; -- opposed to verso.

(v. t.) To try (esp. judicially) a second time; as, to retry a case; to retry an accused person.