(a.) Robbed; borrowed.

(n.) One who, or that which, rubs.

(n.) An instrument or thing used in rubbing, polishing, or cleaning.

(n.) A coarse file, or the rough part of a file.

(n.) A whetstone; a rubstone.

(n.) An eraser, usually made of caoutchouc.

(n.) The cushion of an electrical machine.

(n.) One who performs massage, especially in a Turkish bath.

(n.) Something that chafes or annoys; hence, something that grates on the feelings; a sarcasm; a rub.

(n.) In some games, as whist, the odd game, as the third or the fifth, when there is a tie between the players; as, to play the rubber; also, a contest determined by the winning of two out of three games; as, to play a rubber of whist.

(n.) India rubber; caoutchouc.

(n.) An overshoe made of India rubber.

(n.) Water-worn or rough broken stones; broken bricks, etc., used in coarse masonry, or to fill up between the facing courses of walls.

(n.) Rough stone as it comes from the quarry; also, a quarryman's term for the upper fragmentary and decomposed portion of a mass of stone; brash.

(n.) A mass or stratum of fragments or rock lying under the alluvium, and derived from the neighboring rock.

(n.) The whole of the bran of wheat before it is sorted into pollard, bran, etc.

(a.) Relating to, or containing, rubble.

(n.) One of several color-producing glycosides found in madder root.

(v. t.) To redden.

(n.) same as Rust, n., 2.

(n.) That part of any work in the early manuscripts and typography which was colored red, to distinguish it from other portions.

(n.) A titlepage, or part of it, especially that giving the date and place of printing; also, the initial letters, etc., when printed in red.

(n.) The title of a statute; -- so called as being anciently written in red letters.

(n.) The directions and rules for the conduct of service, formerly written or printed in red; hence, also, an ecclesiastical or episcopal injunction; -- usually in the plural.

(n.) Hence, that which is established or settled, as by authority; a thing definitely settled or fixed.

(v. t.) To adorn ith red; to redden; to rubricate.

(a.) Alt. of Rubrical

(pl. ) of Ruby

(imp. & p. p.) of Ruby

(imp. & p. p.) of Ruck

(v. t.) To be sensible of; to feel

(v. t.) In a good sense, to take well; to receive with satisfaction.

(v. t.) In a bad sense, to take ill; to consider as an injury or affront; to be indignant at.

(v. t.) To express or exhibit displeasure or indignation at, as by words or acts.

(v. t.) To recognize; to perceive, especially as if by smelling; -- associated in meaning with sent, the older spelling of scent to smell. See Resent, v. i.

(v. i.) To feel resentment.

(v. i.) To give forth an odor; to smell; to savor.

(n.) A small ornamental leguminous tree of the American species of the genus Cercis. See Judas tree, under Judas.

(n.) The European goldfinch.

(n.) A specter having long teeth, popularly supposed to haunt old castles in Scotland.

(a.) To make red or somewhat red; to give a red color to.

(v. i.) To grow or become red; to blush.

(n.) Red chalk. See under Chalk.

(v. t.) To purchase back; to regain possession of by payment of a stipulated price; to repurchase.

(v. t.) To recall, as an estate, or to regain, as mortgaged property, by paying what may be due by force of the mortgage.

(v. t.) To regain by performing the obligation or condition stated; to discharge the obligation mentioned in, as a promissory note, bond, or other evidence of debt; as, to redeem bank notes with coin.

(v. t.) To ransom, liberate, or rescue from captivity or bondage, or from any obligation or liability to suffer or to be forfeited, by paying a price or ransom; to ransom; to rescue; to recover; as, to redeem a captive, a pledge, and the like.

(v. t.) Hence, to rescue and deliver from the bondage of sin and the penalties of God's violated law.

(v. t.) To make good by performing fully; to fulfill; as, to redeem one's promises.

(v. t.) To pay the penalty of; to make amends for; to serve as an equivalent or offset for; to atone for; to compensate; as, to redeem an error.

(n.) A small North American dace (Minnilus cornutus, or Notropis megalops). The male, in the breeding season, has bright red fins. Called also red dace, and shiner. Applied also to Notropis ardens, of the Mississippi valley.

(pl. ) of Redia

(pl. ) of Redia

(n.) A Bohemian dance of two kinds, one in triple time, like a waltz, the other in two-four time, like a polka. The former is most in use.

(imp.) of Redraw

(v. t.) To draw again; to make a second draft or copy of; to redraft.

(v. i.) To draw a new bill of exchange, as the holder of a protested bill, on the drawer or indorsers.

(n.) To bring or lead back to any former place or condition.

(n.) To bring to any inferior state, with respect to rank, size, quantity, quality, value, etc.; to diminish; to lower; to degrade; to impair; as, to reduce a sergeant to the ranks; to reduce a drawing; to reduce expenses; to reduce the intensity of heat.

(n.) To bring to terms; to humble; to conquer; to subdue; to capture; as, to reduce a province or a fort.

(n.) To bring to a certain state or condition by grinding, pounding, kneading, rubbing, etc.; as, to reduce a substance to powder, or to a pasty mass; to reduce fruit, wood, or paper rags, to pulp.

(n.) To bring into a certain order, arrangement, classification, etc.; to bring under rules or within certain limits of descriptions and terms adapted to use in computation; as, to reduce animals or vegetables to a class or classes; to reduce a series of observations in astronomy; to reduce language to rules.

(n.) To change, as numbers, from one denomination into another without altering their value, or from one denomination into others of the same value; as, to reduce pounds, shillings, and pence to pence, or to reduce pence to pounds; to reduce days and hours to minutes, or minutes to days and hours.

(n.) To change the form of a quantity or expression without altering its value; as, to reduce fractions to their lowest terms, to a common denominator, etc.

(n.) To bring to the metallic state by separating from impurities; hence, in general, to remove oxygen from; to deoxidize; to combine with, or to subject to the action of, hydrogen; as, ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron; or metals are reduced from their ores; -- opposed to oxidize.

(n.) To restore to its proper place or condition, as a displaced organ or part; as, to reduce a dislocation, a fracture, or a hernia.

(v. t..) To reduce.

(n.) A central or retired work within any other work.

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Race

(n.) A flower cluster with an elongated axis and many one-flowered lateral pedicels, as in the currant and chokecherry.

(n.) The spine; the vertebral column.

(n.) Same as Rhachis.

(a.) Of or pertaining to a race or family of men; as, the racial complexion.

(adv.) In a racy manner.

() a. & n. from Race, v. t. & i.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rack

(n.) One who racks.

(n.) A horse that has a racking gait.

(n.) A thin strip of wood, having the ends brought together, forming a somewhat elliptical hoop, across which a network of catgut or cord is stretched. It is furnished with a handle, and is used for catching or striking a ball in tennis and similar games.

(n.) A variety of the game of tennis played with peculiar long-handled rackets; -- chiefly in the plural.

(n.) A snowshoe formed of cords stretched across a long and narrow frame of light wood.

(n.) A broad wooden shoe or patten for a man or horse, to enable him to step on marshy or soft ground.

(v. t.) To strike with, or as with, a racket.

(n.) Confused, clattering noise; din; noisy talk or sport.

(n.) A carouse; any reckless dissipation.

(v. i.) To make a confused noise or racket.

(v. i.) To engage in noisy sport; to frolic.

(v. i.) To carouse or engage in dissipation.

(n.) A long, flexible stick, rod, or branch, which is interwoven with others, between upright posts or stakes, in making a kind of hedge or fence.

(n.) A hedge or fence made with raddles; -- called also raddle hedge.

(n.) An instrument consisting of a wooden bar, with a row of upright pegs set in it, used by domestic weavers to keep the warp of a proper width, and prevent tangling when it is wound upon the beam of the loom.

(v. t.) To interweave or twist together.

(n.) A red pigment used in marking sheep, and in some mechanical processes; ruddle.

(v. t.) To mark or paint with, or as with, raddle.

(n.) A float; a raft.

(a.) Of or pertaining to a radius or ray; consisting of, or like, radii or rays; radiated; as, (Bot.) radial projections; (Zool.) radial vessels or canals; (Anat.) the radial artery.

(n.) An arc of a circle which is equal to the radius, or the angle measured by such an arc.

() A combining form indicating connection with, or relation to, a radius or ray; specifically (Anat.), with the radius of the forearm; as, radio-ulnar, radio-muscular, radio-carpal.

(n.) The pungent fleshy root of a well-known cruciferous plant (Raphanus sativus); also, the whole plant.

(n.) A right line drawn or extending from the center of a circle to the periphery; the semidiameter of a circle or sphere.

(n.) The preaxial bone of the forearm, or brachium, corresponding to the tibia of the hind limb. See Illust. of Artiodactyla.

(n.) A ray, or outer floret, of the capitulum of such plants as the sunflower and the daisy. See Ray, 2.

(n.) The barbs of a perfect feather.

(n.) Radiating organs, or color-markings, of the radiates.

(n.) The movable limb of a sextant or other angular instrument.

(n.) The chitinous ribbon bearing the teeth of mollusks; -- called also lingual ribbon, and tongue. See Odontophore.

(n.) A fibrous material used for tying plants, said to come from the leaves of a palm tree of the genus Raphia.

(v.) A kind of lottery, in which several persons pay, in shares, the value of something put up as a stake, and then determine by chance (as by casting dice) which one of them shall become the sole possessor.

(v.) A game of dice in which he who threw three alike won all the stakes.

(v. i.) To engage in a raffle; as, to raffle for a watch.

(v. t.) To dispose of by means of a raffle; -- often followed by off; as, to raffle off a horse.

(imp. & p. p.) of Raft

(imp. & p. p.) of Rag

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rage

(n.) Wantonness.

(n.) Rent or worn into tatters, or till the texture is broken; as, a ragged coat; a ragged sail.

(n.) Broken with rough edges; having jags; uneven; rough; jagged; as, ragged rocks.

(n.) Hence, harsh and disagreeable to the ear; dissonant.

(n.) Wearing tattered clothes; as, a ragged fellow.

(n.) Rough; shaggy; rugged.

() a. & n. from Rage, v. i.

(pl. ) of Ragman

(n.) A man who collects, or deals in, rags.

(n.) A document having many names or numerous seals, as a papal bull.

(n.) A dish made of pieces of meat, stewed, and highly seasoned; as, a ragout of mutton.

(imp. & p. p.) of Raid

(n.) One who engages in a raid.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rail

(n.) One who rails; one who scoffs, insults, censures, or reproaches with opprobrious language.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rain

(imp. & p. p.) of Raise

(a.) Lifted up; showing above the surroundings; as, raised or embossed metal work.

(a.) Leavened; made with leaven, or yeast; -- used of bread, cake, etc., as distinguished from that made with cream of tartar, soda, etc. See Raise, v. t., 4.

(n.) One who, or that which, raises (in various senses of the verb).

(n.) A grape, or a bunch of grapes.

(n.) A grape dried in the sun or by artificial heat.

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rake

(n.) Debauchery; lewdness.

(n.) The act or process of using a rake; the going over a space with a rake.

(n.) A kind of ruff for the neck; a turned-down collar; a rebato.

(v. t.) To cut a rabbet in; to furnish with a rabbet.

(v. t.) To unite the edges of, as boards, etc., in a rabbet joint.

(n.) A longitudinal channel, groove, or recess cut out of the edge or face of any body; especially, one intended to receive another member, so as to break or cover the joint, or more easily to hold the members in place; thus, the groove cut for a panel, for a pane of glass, or for a door, is a rabbet, or rebate.

(n.) Same as Rabbet joint, below.

(pl. ) of Rabbi

(n.) Same as Rabbi.

(n.) Any of the smaller species of the genus Lepus, especially the common European species (Lepus cuniculus), which is often kept as a pet, and has been introduced into many countries. It is remarkably prolific, and has become a pest in some parts of Australia and New Zealand.

(n.) An iron bar, with the end bent, used in stirring or skimming molten iron in the process of puddling.

(v. t.) To stir or skim with a rabble, as molten iron.

(v. i.) To speak in a confused manner.

(n.) A space gone over with a rake; also, the work done, or the quantity of hay, grain, etc., collected, by going once over a space with a rake.

(a.) Dissolute; lewd; debauched.

(a.) Having a saucy appearance indicative of speed and dash.

(imp. & p. p.) of Ram

(v. i.) A tumultuous crowd of vulgar, noisy people; a mob; a confused, disorderly throng.

(v. i.) A confused, incoherent discourse; a medley of voices; a chatter.

(a.) Of or pertaining to a rabble; like, or suited to, a rabble; disorderly; vulgar.

(v. t.) To insult, or assault, by a mob; to mob; as, to rabble a curate.

(v. t.) To utter glibly and incoherently; to mouth without intelligence.

(v. t.) To rumple; to crumple.

(n.) Same as Hydrophobia (b); canine madness.

(v. i.) To walk, ride, or sail, from place to place, without any determinate object in view; to roam carelessly or irregularly; to rove; to wander; as, to ramble about the city; to ramble over the world.

(v. i.) To talk or write in a discursive, aimless way.

(v. i.) To extend or grow at random.

(n.) A going or moving from place to place without any determinate business or object; an excursion or stroll merely for recreation.

(n.) A bed of shale over the seam.

(a.) Same as Ramal.

(n.) A scraping; a shaving.

(n.) Ramenta.

(v. t.) To divide into branches or subdivisions; as, to ramify an art, subject, scheme.

(v. i.) To shoot, or divide, into branches or subdivisions, as the stem of a plant.

(v. i.) To be divided or subdivided, as a main subject.

(n.) Refuse matter.

(n.) One who, or that which, rams or drives.

(n.) An instrument for driving anything with force; as, a rammer for driving stones or piles, or for beating the earth to more solidity

(n.) A rod for forcing down the charge of a gun; a ramrod

(n.) An implement for pounding the sand of a mold to render it compact.

(n.) The peele.

(a.) Smoky; reeky; hence, begrimed with dirt.

(a.) Civered with reeds; reedy.

(a.) Formed with channels and ridges like reeds.

(a.) Consisting of a reed or reeds.

(imp. & p. p.) of Reef

(n.) One who reefs; -- a name often given to midshipmen.

(n.) A close-fitting lacket or short coat of thick cloth.

(imp. & p. p.) of Reek

(imp. & p. p.) of Reel

(n.) One who reels.

(n.) The grasshopper warbler; -- so called from its note.

(v. t.) To restore after hunger or fatigue; to refresh.

(n.) A riddle or sieve.

(n.) The mechanical appliance by means of which a vessel is guided or steered when in motion. It is a broad and flat blade made of wood or iron, with a long shank, and is fastened in an upright position, usually by one edge, to the sternpost of the vessel in such a way that it can be turned from side to side in the water by means of a tiller, wheel, or other attachment.

(n.) Fig.: That which resembles a rudder as a guide or governor; that which guides or governs the course.

(v. t.) To raddle or twist.

(n.) A riddle or sieve.

(n.) A species of red earth colored by iron sesquioxide; red ocher.

(v. t.) To mark with ruddle; to raddle; to rouge.

(v. t. & i.) To fill, or become full, again.

(v. t.) To find again; to get or experience again.

(v. t.) To reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; to free from impurities; to free from dross or alloy; to separate from extraneous matter; to purify; to defecate; as, to refine gold or silver; to refine iron; to refine wine or sugar.

(v. t.) To purify from what is gross, coarse, vulgar, inelegant, low, and the like; to make elegant or exellent; to polish; as, to refine the manners, the language, the style, the taste, the intellect, or the moral feelings.

(v. i.) To become pure; to be cleared of feculent matter.

(v. i.) To improve in accuracy, delicacy, or excellence.

(v. i.) To affect nicety or subtilty in thought or language.

(v. i.) To flow back; to ebb.

(a.) Returning, or flowing back; reflex; as, reflux action.

(n.) A flowing back, as the return of a fluid; ebb; reaction; as, the flux and reflux of the tides.

(v. t.) To fold again.

(a.) Somewhat rude.

(n.) Rudeness; ignorance.

(a.) Causing one to rue or lament; woeful; mournful; sorrowful.

(a.) Expressing sorrow.

(v. t.) To ship again; to put on board of a vessel a second time; to send on a second voyage; as, to reship bonded merchandise.

(v. i.) To engage one's self again for service on board of a vessel after having been discharged.

(v. i.) To dwell permanently or for a considerable time; to have a settled abode for a time; to abide continuosly; to have one's domicile of home; to remain for a long time.

(v. i.) To have a seat or fixed position; to inhere; to lie or be as in attribute or element.

(v. i.) To sink; to settle, as sediment.

(v. i.) To start back; to recoil; to recede from a purpose.

(a.) Like resin; resinous.

(v. t.) To stand against; to withstand; to obstruct.

(v. t.) To strive against; to endeavor to counteract, defeat, or frustrate; to act in opposition to; to oppose.

(v. t.) To counteract, as a force, by inertia or reaction.

(v. t.) To be distasteful to.

(v. i.) To make opposition.

(n.) A substance used to prevent a color or mordant from fixing on those parts to which it has been applied, either by acting machanically in preventing the color, etc., from reaching the cloth, or chemically in changing the color so as to render it incapable of fixing itself in the fibers.. The pastes prepared for this purpose are called resist pastes.

(v. t.) To swallow up.

(n.) Active power or movement; spring.

(v. i.) To go; to repair; to betake one's self.

(v. i.) To fall back; to revert.

(v. i.) To have recourse; to apply; to one's self for help, relief, or advantage.

(v.) The act of going to, or making application; a betaking one's self; the act of visiting or seeking; recourse; as, a place of popular resort; -- often figuratively; as, to have resort to force.

(v.) A place to which one betakes himself habitually; a place of frequent assembly; a haunt.

(v.) That to which one resorts or looks for help; resource; refuge.

(v.) To resound.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rest

(v. t.) To force back against the current; as, to restem their backward course.

(v. t.) To stem, or move against; as, to restem a current.

(v. i.) To leap back; to rebound.

(v. i.) To come out, or have an issue; to terminate; to have consequences; -- followed by in; as, this measure will result in good or in evil.

(v. i.) To proceed, spring, or rise, as a consequence, from facts, arguments, premises, combination of circumstances, consultation, thought, or endeavor.

(n.) A flying back; resilience.

(imp. & p. p.) of Ruff

(a.) Furnished with a ruff.

(v. t.) To make into a ruff; to draw or contract into puckers, plaits, or folds; to wrinkle.

(v. t.) To furnish with ruffles; as, to ruffle a shirt.

(v. t.) To oughen or disturb the surface of; to make uneven by agitation or commotion.

(v. t.) To erect in a ruff, as feathers.

(v. t.) To beat with the ruff or ruffle, as a drum.

(v. t.) To discompose; to agitate; to disturb.

(v. t.) To throw into disorder or confusion.

(v. t.) To throw together in a disorderly manner.

(v. i.) To grow rough, boisterous, or turbulent.

(v. i.) To become disordered; to play loosely; to flutter.

(v. i.) To be rough; to jar; to be in contention; hence, to put on airs; to swagger.

(v. t. & i.) That which is ruffled; specifically, a strip of lace, cambric, or other fine cloth, plaited or gathered on one edge or in the middle, and used as a trimming; a frill.

(v. t. & i.) A state of being ruffled or disturbed; disturbance; agitation; commotion; as, to put the mind in a ruffle.

(v. t. & i.) A low, vibrating beat of a drum, not so loud as a roll; -- called also ruff.

(v. t. & i.) The connected series of large egg capsules, or oothecae, of any one of several species of American marine gastropods of the genus Fulgur. See Ootheca.

(a.) Reddish; of a yellowish red or brownish red color; tawny.

(a.) Having alternate ridges and depressions; wrinkled.

(n.) Full of asperities on the surface; broken into sharp or irregular points, or otherwise uneven; not smooth; rough; as, a rugged mountain; a rugged road.

(n.) Not neat or regular; uneven.

(n.) Rough with bristles or hair; shaggy.

(n.) Harsh; hard; crabbed; austere; -- said of temper, character, and the like, or of persons.

(n.) Stormy; turbulent; tempestuous; rude.

(n.) Rough to the ear; harsh; grating; -- said of sound, style, and the like.

(n.) Sour; surly; frowning; wrinkled; -- said of looks, etc.

(n.) Violent; rude; boisterrous; -- said of conduct, manners, etc.

(n.) Vigorous; robust; hardy; -- said of health, physique, etc.

(n.) An instrument for scraping the periosteum from bones; a raspatory.

(v. t.) To scrape or rasp, as a bone; to scale.

(a.) Wrinkled; full of wrinkles; specifically (Bot.), having the veinlets sunken and the spaces between them elevated, as the leaves of the sage and horehound.

(a.) Wrinkled; rugose.

(n.) That which results; the conclusion or end to which any course or condition of things leads, or which is obtained by any process or operation; consequence or effect; as, the result of a course of action; the result of a mathematical operation.

(n.) The decision or determination of a council or deliberative assembly; a resolve; a decree.

(n.) A summing up; a condensed statement; an abridgment or brief recapitulation.

(v. t.) To take back.

(v. t.) To enter upon, or take up again.

(v. t.) To begin again; to recommence, as something which has been interrupted; as, to resume an argument or discourse.

(imp. & p. p.) of Ruin

(n.) One who, or that which, ruins.

(v.) The sale of commodities in small quantities or parcels; -- opposed to wholesale; sometimes, the sale of commodities at second hand.

(a.) Done at retail; engaged in retailing commodities; as a retail trade; a retail grocer.

(n.) To sell in small quantities, as by the single yard, pound, gallon, etc.; to sell directly to the consumer; as, to retail cloth or groceries.

(n.) To sell at second hand.

(n.) To distribute in small portions or at second hand; to tell again or to many (what has been told or done); to report; as, to retail slander.

(v. t.) To continue to hold; to keep in possession; not to lose, part with, or dismiss; to retrain from departure, escape, or the like.

(v. t.) To keep in pay; to employ by a preliminary fee paid; to hire; to engage; as, to retain a counselor.

(v. t.) To restrain; to prevent.

(v. i.) To belong; to pertain.

(v. i.) To keep; to continue; to remain.

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rule

(a.) Predominant; chief; reigning; controlling; as, a ruling passion; a ruling sovereign.

(a.) Used in marking or engraving lines; as, a ruling machine or pen.

(n.) The act of one who rules; ruled lines.

(n.) A decision or rule of a judge or a court, especially an oral decision, as in excluding evidence.

(v. i.) To make a low, heavy, continued sound; as, the thunder rumbles at a distance.

(v. i.) To murmur; to ripple.

(n.) A noisy report; rumor.

(n.) A low, heavy, continuous sound like that made by heavy wagons or the reverberation of thunder; a confused noise; as, the rumble of a railroad train.

(n.) A seat for servants, behind the body of a carriage.

(n.) A rotating cask or box in which small articles are smoothed or polished by friction against each other.

(v. t.) To cause to pass through a rumble, or shaking machine. See Rumble, n., 4.

(n.) A popular or jocular name for a drinking vessel.

(n.) A large and tall glass, or drinking cup.

(v. t.) To take or receive again.

(v. t.) To take from a captor; to recapture; as, to retake a ship or prisoners.

(v. t.) To keep delaying; to continue to hinder; to prevent from progress; to render more slow in progress; to impede; to hinder; as, to retard the march of an army; to retard the motion of a ship; -- opposed to accelerate.

(v. t.) To put off; to postpone; as, to retard the attacks of old age; to retard a rupture between nations.

(v. i.) To stay back.

(n.) Retardation; delay.

(v. t.) To tell again.

(n.) A white crystalline hydrocarbon, polymeric with benzene. It is extracted from pine tar, and is also found in certain fossil resins.

(n.) That which is retained.

(v. t. & i.) To make uneven; to form into irregular inequalities; to wrinkle; to crumple; as, to rumple an apron or a cravat.

(n.) A fold or plait; a wrinkle.

(a.) Rumpled.

(n.) A disturbance; noise and confusion; a quarrel.

(n.) The delicate membrane by which the back part of the globe of the eye is lined, and in which the fibers of the optic nerve terminate. See Eye.

(v. t.) To withdraw; to take away; -- sometimes used reflexively.

(v. t.) To withdraw from circulation, or from the market; to take up and pay; as, to retire bonds; to retire a note.

(v. t.) To cause to retire; specifically, to designate as no longer qualified for active service; to place on the retired list; as, to retire a military or naval officer.

(v. i.) To go back or return; to draw back or away; to keep aloof; to withdraw or retreat, as from observation; to go into privacy; as, to retire to his home; to retire from the world, or from notice.

(v. i.) To retreat from action or danger; to withdraw for safety or pleasure; as, to retire from battle.

(v. i.) To withdraw from a public station, or from business; as, having made a large fortune, he retired.

(v. i.) To recede; to fall or bend back; as, the shore of the sea retires in bays and gulfs.

(v. i.) To go to bed; as, he usually retires early.

(n.) The act of retiring, or the state of being retired; also, a place to which one retires.

(n.) A call sounded on a bugle, announcing to skirmishers that they are to retire, or fall back.

() imp. & p. p. of Retell.

(n.) To bend or curve back; as, a retorted line.

(n.) To throw back; to reverberate; to reflect.

(n.) To return, as an argument, accusation, censure, or incivility; as, to retort the charge of vanity.

(v. i.) To return an argument or a charge; to make a severe reply.

(v. t.) The return of, or reply to, an argument, charge, censure, incivility, taunt, or witticism; a quick and witty or severe response.

(v. t.) A vessel in which substances are subjected to distillation or decomposition by heat. It is made of different forms and materials for different uses, as a bulb of glass with a curved beak to enter a receiver for general chemical operations, or a cylinder or semicylinder of cast iron for the manufacture of gas in gas works.

(v. t.) To toss back or again.

(n.) A moat with water in it; also, a small stream; a runlet.

(n.) A circle.

(n.) A round; a step of a ladder; a rung.

(n.) A ball.

(n.) Something which rotates about an axis, as a wheel, or the drum of a capstan.

(n.) One of the pins or trundles of a lantern wheel.

(n.) A little run or stream; a streamlet; a brook.

(n.) Same as Rundlet.

(n.) A rivulet or small brook.

(n.) One who, or that which, runs; a racer.

(n.) A detective.

(n.) A messenger.

(n.) A smuggler.

(n.) One employed to solicit patronage, as for a steamboat, hotel, shop, etc.

(n.) A slender trailing branch which takes root at the joints or end and there forms new plants, as in the strawberry and the common cinquefoil.

(n.) The rotating stone of a set of millstones.

(n.) A rope rove through a block and used to increase the mechanical power of a tackle.

(n.) One of the pieces on which a sled or sleigh slides; also the part or blade of a skate which slides on the ice.

(n.) A horizontal channel in a mold, through which the metal flows to the cavity formed by the pattern; also, the waste metal left in such a channel.

(n.) A trough or channel for leading molten metal from a furnace to a ladle, mold, or pig bed.

(n.) The movable piece to which the ribs of an umbrella are attached.

(n.) A food fish (Elagatis pinnulatus) of Florida and the West Indies; -- called also skipjack, shoemaker, and yellowtail. The name alludes to its rapid successive leaps from the water.

(n.) Any cursorial bird.

(n.) A movable slab or rubber used in grinding or polishing a surface of stone.

(n.) A tool on which lenses are fastened in a group, for polishing or grinding.

(n.) See Rennet.

(n.) The channel of a stream.

(n.) The beaten path made by deer or other animals in passing to and from their feeding grounds.

(a.) Of or pertaining to rupia.

(v. t.) To trim again.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rush

(a.) Abounding or covered with rushes.

(n.) One who rushes.

(n.) One who strewed rushes on the floor at dances.

(a.) Of, like, or pertaining to, a deer of the genus Rusa, which includes the sambur deer (Rusa Aristotelis) of India.

(a.) Of a reddish brown color, or (by some called) a red gray; of the color composed of blue, red, and yellow in equal strength, but unequal proportions, namely, two parts of red to one each of blue and yellow; also, of a yellowish brown color.

(a.) Coarse; homespun; rustic.

(n.) A russet color; a pigment of a russet color.

(n.) Cloth or clothing of a russet color.

(n.) A country dress; -- so called because often of a russet color.

(n.) An apple, or a pear, of a russet color; as, the English russet, and the Roxbury russet.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rust

(a.) Of or pertaining to the country; rural; as, the rustic gods of antiquity.

(a.) Rude; awkward; rough; unpolished; as, rustic manners.

(a.) Coarse; plain; simple; as, a rustic entertainment; rustic dress.

(a.) Simple; artless; unadorned; unaffected.

(n.) An inhabitant of the country, especially one who is rude, coarse, or dull; a clown.

(n.) A rural person having a natural simplicity of character or manners; an artless, unaffected person.

(v. i.) To make a quick succession of small sounds, like the rubbing or moving of silk cloth or dry leaves.

(v. i.) To stir about energetically; to strive to succeed; to bustle about.

(v. t.) To cause to rustle; as, the wind rustles the leaves.

(n.) A quick succession or confusion of small sounds, like those made by shaking leaves or straw, by rubbing silk, or the like; a rustling.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rut

(n.) A salt of rutic acid.

(n.) A mineral usually of a reddish brown color, and brilliant metallic adamantine luster, occurring in tetragonal crystals. In composition it is titanium dioxide, like octahedrite and brookite.

(n.) A rattling sound in the throat arising from difficulty of breathing; a rattle.

(v. t.) To blunt; to turn, as an edge; figuratively, to cause to be obtuse or dull; as, to retund confidence.

(a.) Having the end rounded and slightly indented; as, a retuse leaf.

(v. t.) To urge again.

(v. t.) To vamp again; hence, to patch up; to reconstruct.

(v. t.) To make known (that which has been concealed or kept secret); to unveil; to disclose; to show.

(v. t.) Specifically, to communicate (that which could not be known or discovered without divine or supernatural instruction or agency).

(n.) A revealing; a disclosure.

(n.) The side of an opening for a window, doorway, or the like, between the door frame or window frame and the outer surface of the wall; or, where the opening is not filled with a door, etc., the whole thickness of the wall; the jamb.

(v. t.) To echo.

(n.) A loose or irregular train of thought occurring in musing or mediation; deep musing; daydream.

(n.) An extravagant conceit of the fancy; a vision.

(v. t.) To turn back, or to the contrary; to reverse.

(v. t.) To throw back; to reflect; to reverberate.

(v. t.) To change back. See Revert, v. i.

(v. i.) To return; to come back.

(v. i.) To return to the proprietor after the termination of a particular estate granted by him.

(v. i.) To return, wholly or in part, towards some preexistent form; to take on the traits or characters of an ancestral type.

(v. i.) To change back, as from a soluble to an insoluble state or the reverse; thus, phosphoric acid in certain fertilizers reverts.

(n.) One who, or that which, reverts.

(n.) Same as Reverie.

(v. t.) To clothe again; to cover, as with a robe; to robe.

(v. t.) To vest again with possession or office; as, to revest a magistrate with authority.

(v. i.) To take effect or vest again, as a title; to revert to former owner; as, the title or right revests in A after alienation.

(n.) To view or see again; to look back on.

(n.) To go over and examine critically or deliberately.

(n.) To reconsider; to revise, as a manuscript before printing it, or a book for a new edition.

(n.) To go over with critical examination, in order to discover exellences or defects; hence, to write a critical notice of; as, to review a new novel.

(n.) To make a formal or official examination of the state of, as troops, and the like; as, to review a regiment.

(n.) To reexamine judically; as, a higher court may review the proceedings and judgments of a lower one.

(n.) To retrace; to go over again.

(v. i.) To look back; to make a review.

(n.) A second or repeated view; a reexamination; a retrospective survey; a looking over again; as, a review of one's studies; a review of life.

(n.) An examination with a view to amendment or improvement; revision; as, an author's review of his works.

(n.) A critical examination of a publication, with remarks; a criticism; a critique.

(n.) A periodical containing critical essays upon matters of interest, as new productions in literature, art, etc.

(n.) An inspection, as of troops under arms or of a naval force, by a high officer, for the purpose of ascertaining the state of discipline, equipments, etc.

(n.) The judicial examination of the proceedings of a lower court by a higher.

(n.) A lesson studied or recited for a second time.

(v. t. & i.) To address or abuse with opprobrious and contemptuous language; to reproach.

(n.) Reproach; reviling.

(v. t.) To look at again for the detection of errors; to reexamine; to review; to look over with care for correction; as, to revise a writing; to revise a translation.

(v. t.) To compare (a proof) with a previous proof of the same matter, and mark again such errors as have not been corrected in the type.

(v. t.) To review, alter, and amend; as, to revise statutes; to revise an agreement; to revise a dictionary.

(n.) A review; a revision.

(n.) A second proof sheet; a proof sheet taken after the first or a subsequent correction.

(v. i.) To return to life; to recover life or strength; to live anew; to become reanimated or reinvigorated.

(v. i.) Hence, to recover from a state of oblivion, obscurity, neglect, or depression; as, classical learning revived in the fifteenth century.

(v. i.) To recover its natural or metallic state, as a metal.

(v. i.) To restore, or bring again to life; to reanimate.

(v. i.) To raise from coma, languor, depression, or discouragement; to bring into action after a suspension.

(v. i.) Hence, to recover from a state of neglect or disuse; as, to revive letters or learning.

(v. i.) To renew in the mind or memory; to bring to recollection; to recall attention to; to reawaken.

(v. i.) To restore or reduce to its natural or metallic state; as, to revive a metal after calcination.

(v. t.) To call or bring back; to recall.

(v. t.) Hence, to annul, by recalling or taking back; to repeal; to rescind; to cancel; to reverse, as anything granted by a special act; as, , to revoke a will, a license, a grant, a permission, a law, or the like.

(v. t.) To hold back; to repress; to restrain.

(v. t.) To draw back; to withdraw.

(v. t.) To call back to mind; to recollect.

(v. i.) To fail to follow suit when holding a card of the suit led, in violation of the rule of the game; to renege.

(n.) The act of revoking.

(n.) To turn away; to abandon or reject something; specifically, to turn away, or shrink, with abhorrence.

(n.) Hence, to be faithless; to desert one party or leader for another; especially, to renounce allegiance or subjection; to rise against a government; to rebel.

(n.) To be disgusted, shocked, or grossly offended; hence, to feel nausea; -- with at; as, the stomach revolts at such food; his nature revolts at cruelty.

(v. t.) To cause to turn back; to roll or drive back; to put to flight.

(v. t.) To do violence to; to cause to turn away or shrink with abhorrence; to shock; as, to revolt the feelings.

(n.) The act of revolting; an uprising against legitimate authority; especially, a renunciation of allegiance and subjection to a government; rebellion; as, the revolt of a province of the Roman empire.

(n.) A revolter.

(n.) Shelter or protection from danger or distress.

(n.) That which shelters or protects from danger, or from distress or calamity; a stronghold which protects by its strength, or a sanctuary which secures safety by its sacredness; a place inaccessible to an enemy.

(n.) An expedient to secure protection or defense; a device or contrivance.

(v. t.) To shelter; to protect.

(v. t.) To deny, as a request, demand, invitation, or command; to decline to do or grant.

(v. t.) To throw back, or cause to keep back (as the center, a wing, or a flank), out of the regular aligment when troops ar/ about to engage the enemy; as, to refuse the right wing while the left wing attacks.

(v. t.) To decline to accept; to reject; to deny the request or petition of; as, to refuse a suitor.

(v. t.) To disown.

(v. i.) To deny compliance; not to comply.

(n.) Refusal.

(n.) That which is refused or rejected as useless; waste or worthless matter.

(v. t. & i.) To wake again.

(v. t.) To give in return, whether good or evil; -- commonly in a good sense; to requite; to recompense; to repay; to compensate.

(n.) Regard; respect; consideration.

(n.) That which is given in return for good or evil done or received; esp., that which is offered or given in return for some service or attainment, as for excellence in studies, for the return of something lost, etc.; recompense; requital.

(a.) Refused; rejected; hence; left as unworthy of acceptance; of no value; worthless.

(v. t.) To disprove and overthrow by argument, evidence, or countervailing proof; to prove to be false or erroneous; to confute; as, to refute arguments; to refute testimony; to refute opinions or theories; to refute a disputant.

(n.) A prerogative of royalty.

(v. t.) To enerta/n in a regal or sumptuous manner; to enrtertain with something that delights; to gratify; to refresh; as, to regale the taste, the eye, or the ear.

(v. i.) To feast; t/ fare sumtuously.

(v. t.) A sumptuous repast; a banquet.

(v. t.) To keep in view; to behold; to look at; to view; to gaze upon.

(v. t.) Hence, to look or front toward; to face.

(v. t.) To look closely at; to observe attentively; to pay attention to; to notice or remark particularly.

(n.) Hence, the fruit of one's labor or works.

(n.) Compensation or remuneration for services; a sum of money paid or taken for doing, or forbearing to do, some act.

(v. t.) To repeat in the same words; to reecho.

(v. t.) To alter the wording of; to restate in other words; as, to reword an idea or a passage.

(n.) A small West Indian tree (Trophis Americana) of the Mulberry family, whose leaves and twigs are used as fodder for cattle.

(a.) Branched, as the stem or root of a plant; having lateral divisions; consisting of, or having, branches; full of branches; ramifying; branching; branchy.

(a.) Ramose.

(imp. & p. p.) of Ramp

(v. t.) To look upon, as in a certain relation; to hold as an popinion; to consider; as, to regard abstinence from wine as a duty; to regard another as a friend or enemy.

(v. t.) To consider and treat; to have a certain feeling toward; as, to regard one with favor or dislike.

(v. t.) To pay respect to; to treat as something of peculiar value, sanctity, or the like; to care for; to esteem.

(v. t.) To take into consideration; to take account of, as a fact or condition.

(v. t.) To have relation to, as bearing upon; to respect; to relate to; to touch; as, an argument does not regard the question; -- often used impersonally; as, I agree with you as regards this or that.

(v. i.) To look attentively; to consider; to notice.

(v. t.) A look; aspect directed to another; view; gaze.

(v. t.) Attention of the mind with a feeling of interest; observation; heed; notice.

(v. t.) That view of the mind which springs from perception of value, estimable qualities, or anything that excites admiration; respect; esteem; reverence; affection; as, to have a high regard for a person; -- often in the plural.

(v. t.) State of being regarded, whether favorably or otherwise; estimation; repute; note; account.

(v. t.) Consideration; thought; reflection; heed.

(v. t.) Matter for consideration; account; condition.

(v. t.) Respect; relation; reference.

(v. t.) Object of sight; scene; view; aspect.

(v. t.) Supervision; inspection.

(n.) The continuation of the seed stalk along the side of an anatropous ovule or seed, forming a ridge or seam.

(n.) The rod used in ramming home the charge in a muzzle-loading firearm.

(n.) A broad-leaved species of garlic (Allium ursinum), common in European gardens; -- called also buckram.

(a.) Ruling; governing; regnant.

(a.) Exercising vicarious authority.

(a.) One who rules or reigns; a governor; a ruler.

(a.) Especially, one invested with vicarious authority; one who governs a kingdom in the minority, absence, or disability of the sovereign.

(a.) One of a governing board; a trustee or overseer; a superintendent; a curator; as, the regents of the Smithsonian Institution.

(a.) A resident master of arts of less than five years' standing, or a doctor of less than twwo. They were formerly privileged to lecture in the schools.

(n.) A register.

(n.) An upholder of kingly authority; a royalist.

(n.) A rhetorician.

(a.) Of or pertaining to rheum; abounding in, or causing, rheum; affected with rheum.

(a.) Og or pertaining to the nose or olfactory organs.

(n.) A rude hut, as of posts, covered with branches or thatch, where herdsmen or farm laborers may live or lodge at night.

(n.) A large grazing farm where horses and cattle are raised; -- distinguished from hacienda, a cultivated farm or plantation.

(a.) Having a rank smell or taste, from chemical change or decomposition; musty; as, rancid oil or butter.

(n.) The deepest malignity or spite; deep-seated enmity or malice; inveterate hatred.

(n.) The product of a second sifting of meal; the finest part of the bran.

(n.) A boat propelled by three rowers with four oars, the middle rower pulling two.

(n.) Force; violence.

(n.) A roving motion; course without definite direction; want of direction, rule, or method; hazard; chance; -- commonly used in the phrase at random, that is, without a settled point of direction; at hazard.

(n.) Distance to which a missile is cast; range; reach; as, the random of a rifle ball.

(n.) The direction of a rake-vein.

(a.) Going at random or by chance; done or made at hazard, or without settled direction, aim, or purpose; hazarded without previous calculation; left to chance; haphazard; as, a random guess.

(n.) Random.

(v. i.) To go or stray at random.

(v. t.) To gild anew.

(n.) Mode or system of rule or management; character of government, or of the prevailing social system.

(n.) The condition of a river with respect to the rate of its flow, as measured by the volume of water passing different cross sections in a given time, uniform regime being the condition when the flow is equal and uniform at all the cross sections.

(n.) One of the grand districts or quarters into which any space or surface, as of the earth or the heavens, is conceived of as divided; hence, in general, a portion of space or territory of indefinite extent; country; province; district; tract.

(n.) Tract, part, or space, lying about and including anything; neighborhood; vicinity; sphere.

(n.) The upper air; the sky; the heavens.

(n.) The inhabitants of a district.

(n.) Place; rank; station.

() A combining form from Greek //, ///, the nose, as in rhinolith, rhinology.

(imp. & p. p.) of Range

(a.) Of or pertaining to a king; royal.

(v. t.) To give again; to give back.

(a.) Of or pertaining to rhodium; containing rhodium.

(v. i.) To range about in an irregular manner.

(a.) Of or pertaining to the frogs and toads.

(a.) Pertaining to, or designating, a swelling under the tongue; also, pertaining to the region where the swelling occurs; -- applied especially to branches of the lingual artery and lingual vein.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rank

(n.) One who ranks, or disposes in ranks; one who arranges.

(n.) A flat, narrow molding, used chiefly to separate the parts or members of compartments or panels from one another, or doubled, turned, and interlaced so as to form knots, frets, or other ornaments. See Illust. (12) of Column.

(n.) A strip of wood or metal of the height of a quadrat, used for regulating the space between pages in a chase, and also for spacing out title-pages and other open matter. It is graded to different sizes, and designated by the name of the type that it matches; as, nonpareil reglet, pica reglet, and the like.

(a.) Of or pertaining to the reign of a monarch; as, regnal years.

(v.) Pain of mind on account of something done or experienced in the past, with a wish that it had been different; a looking back with dissatisfaction or with longing; grief; sorrow; especially, a mourning on account of the loss of some joy, advantage, or satisfaction.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rhyme

(a.) To become, or be, rank; to grow rank or strong; to be inflamed; to fester; -- used literally and figuratively.

(a.) To produce a festering or inflamed effect; to cause a sore; -- used literally and figuratively; as, a splinter rankles in the flesh; the words rankled in his bosom.

(v. t.) To cause to fester; to make sore; to inflame.

(adv.) With rank or vigorous growth; luxuriantly; hence, coarsely; grossly; as, weeds grow rankly.

(n.) A prostitute.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rant

(n.) A noisy talker; a raving declaimer.

(n.) One of a religious sect which sprung up in 1645; -- called also Seekers. See Seeker.

(n.) One of the Primitive Methodists, who seceded from the Wesleyan Methodists on the ground of their deficiency in fervor and zeal; -- so called in contempt.

(v.) Dislike; aversion.

(v. t.) To experience regret on account of; to lose or miss with a sense of regret; to feel sorrow or dissatisfaction on account of (the happening or the loss of something); as, to regret an error; to regret lost opportunities or friends.

(v. i. & t.) To grow again.

(pl. ) of Regulus

(v. t.) To hash over again; to prepare or use again; as, to rehash old arguments.

(n.) Something hashed over, or made up from old materials.

(v. t.) To hear again; to try a second time; as, to rehear a cause in Chancery.

(v. t.) To heat again.

(v. t.) To revive; to cheer; to cherish.

(v. t.) To hire again.

(n.) A cyst formed under the tongue by obstruction of the duct of the submaxillary gland.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rap

(imp. & p. p.) of Rap

(n.) One who makes rhymes; a versifier; -- generally in contempt; a poor poet; a poetaster.

(a.) Pertaining to rhyme.

(n.) In the widest sense, a dividing into short portions by a regular succession of motions, impulses, sounds, accents, etc., producing an agreeable effect, as in music poetry, the dance, or the like.

(n.) Movement in musical time, with periodical recurrence of accent; the measured beat or pulse which marks the character and expression of the music; symmetry of movement and accent.

(n.) A division of lines into short portions by a regular succession of arses and theses, or percussions and remissions of voice on words or syllables.

(n.) The harmonious flow of vocal sounds.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rib

(n./) A low, vulgar, brutal, foul-mouthed wretch; a lewd fellow.

(a.) Low; base; mean; filthy; obscene.

(n.) See Ribbon.

(n.) See Rib-band.

(a.) Furnished or formed with ribs; as, a ribbed cylinder; ribbed cloth.

(a.) Intercalated with slate; -- said of a seam of coal.

(n.) A fillet or narrow woven fabric, commonly of silk, used for trimming some part of a woman's attire, for badges, and other decorative purposes.

(n.) A narrow strip or shred; as, a steel or magnesium ribbon; sails torn to ribbons.

(n.) Same as Rib-band.

(n.) Driving reins.

(n.) A bearing similar to the bend, but only one eighth as wide.

(n.) A silver.

(v. t.) To adorn with, or as with, ribbons; to mark with stripes resembling ribbons.

(n.) A sort of stringed instrument; a rebec.

(n.) An old woman; -- in contempt.

(n.) A bawd; a prostitute.

(a.) That which makes one rich; an abundance of land, goods, money, or other property; wealth; opulence; affluence.

(a.) That which appears rich, sumptuous, precious, or the like.

(adv.) In a rich manner.

(a.) Of or pertaining to the rictus; as, rictal bristles.

(n.) The gape of the mouth, as of birds; -- often resricted to the corners of the mouth.

() of Rid

() p. p. of Ride.

(n.) One who, or that which, rids.

(p. p.) of Ride

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Ride

(n.) A small mound of earth; ground slightly elevated; a small ridge.

(a.) Laughing.

(n.) A straight sword, with a narrow and finely pointed blade, used only for thrusting.

(n.) The act of plundering; the seizing and carrying away of things by force; spoliation; pillage; plunder.

(n.) Ravishment; rape.

(v. t.) To plunder.

() imp. & p. p. of Rap, to strike.

() imp. & p. p. of Rap, to snatch away.

(v.) A pungent kind of snuff made from the darker and ranker kinds of tobacco leaves.

(n.) The beat of the drum to call soldiers to arms.

(n.) One who, or that which, raps or knocks; specifically, the knocker of a door.

(n.) A forcible oath or lie.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rein

(imp. & p. p.) of Ridge

(n.) Same as Ridgelling.

(n.) One of the three jurisdictions into which the county of York, in England, is divided; -- formerly under the government of a reeve. They are called the North, the East, and the West, Riding.

(a.) Employed to travel; traveling; as, a riding clerk.

(a.) Used for riding on; as, a riding horse.

(n.) A raptor.

(n.) A ravisher; a plunderer.

(v. t.) To make rare, thin, porous, or less dense; to expand or enlarge without adding any new portion of matter to; -- opposed to condense.

(v. i.) To become less dense; to become thin and porous.

(adv.) In a rare manner or degree; seldom; not often; as, things rarely seen.

(adv.) Finely; excellently; with rare skill. See 3d Rare, 2.

(n.) The quality or state of being rare; rareness; thinness; as, the rarity (contrasted with the density) of gases.

(n.) That which is rare; an uncommon thing; a thing valued for its scarcity.

(n.) See Reaver.

(v. t.) To cast from one; to throw away; to discard.

(v. t.) To refuse to receive or to acknowledge; to decline haughtily or harshly; to repudiate.

(v. t.) To refuse to grant; as, to reject a prayer or request.

(a.) Used for riding, or when riding; devoted to riding; as, a riding whip; a riding habit; a riding day.

(n.) The act or state of one who rides.

(n.) A festival procession.

(n.) Same as Ride, n., 3.

(n.) A district in charge of an excise officer.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rifle

(n.) One who rifles; a robber.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rift

(n.) A rafter.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rig

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rase

(n.) A thin slice of bacon.

(n.) A California rockfish (Sebastichthys miniatus).

(adv.) In a rash manner; with precipitation.

(n.) Razor.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rasp

(v. t.) To join again; to unite after separation.

(v. t.) To come, or go, again into the presence of; to join the company of again.

(v. t.) To state in reply; -- followed by an object clause.

(v. i.) To answer to a reply.

(v. i.) To answer, as the defendant to the plaintiff's replication.

(n.) A reacting jolt or shock; a rebound or recoil.

(v. t.) To jolt or shake again.

(v. t.) To lade or load again.

(n.) A narrow space between the foot of the rampart and the scarp of the ditch, serving to receive the earth that may crumble off or be washed down, and prevent its falling into the ditch.

(v. t.) To land again; to put on land, as that which had been shipped or embarked.

(v. i.) To go on shore after having embarked; to land again.

(n.) One who rigs or dresses; one whose occupation is to fit the rigging of a ship.

(n.) A cylindrical pulley or drum in machinery.

(n.) One who, or that which, rasps; a scraper.

(n.) The raspberry.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rat

(n.) Same as Rhatany.

(v. t.) To bring back; to restore.

(v. t.) To refer; to ascribe, as to a source.

(v. t.) To recount; to narrate; to tell over.

(v. t.) To ally by connection or kindred.

(v. i.) To stand in some relation; to have bearing or concern; to pertain; to refer; -- with to.

(v. i.) To make reference; to take account.

(n.) See Reglet.

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rate

(n.) To approve and sanction; to make valid; to confirm; to establish; to settle; especially, to give sanction to, as something done by an agent or servant; as, to ratify an agreement, treaty, or contract; to ratify a nomination.

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rile

(n.) A little rill.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rim

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rime

(n.) An implement for cutting, trimming, or ornamenting the rim of anything, as the edges of pies, etc.; also, a reamer.

(a.) Full of rimes, fissures, or chinks.

(a.) Having long and nearly parallel clefts or chinks, like those in the bark of trees.

(a.) Rimose.

(n.) A fold or wrinkle. See Rumple.

(v. t. & i.) To rumple; to wrinkle.

(n.) A fixed daily allowance of provisions assigned to a soldier in the army, or a sailor in the navy, for his subsistence.

(n.) Hence, a certain portion or fixed amount dealt out; an allowance; an allotment.

(v. t.) To supply with rations, as a regiment.

(n.) A foundation or sustaining wall of stones thrown together without order, as in deep water or on a soft bottom.

(v. t.) To form a riprap in or upon.

(v. t.) A handsaw with coarse teeth which have but a slight set, used for cutting wood in the direction of the fiber; -- called also ripping saw.

(imp. & p. p.) of Roil

(n.) Bad small beer.

(n.) Any bad spirituous liquor, especially when adulterated so as to be very deleterious.

(v. t.) To bat (the ball) back over the net.

(v. t.) To lead in response to the lead of one's partner; as, to return a trump; to return a diamond for a club.

(n.) The act of returning (intransitive), or coming back to the same place or condition; as, the return of one long absent; the return of health; the return of the seasons, or of an anniversary.

(n.) The act of returning (transitive), or sending back to the same place or condition; restitution; repayment; requital; retribution; as, the return of anything borrowed, as a book or money; a good return in tennis.

(n.) That which is returned.

(n.) A payment; a remittance; a requital.

(n.) An answer; as, a return to one's question.

(n.) An account, or formal report, of an action performed, of a duty discharged, of facts or statistics, and the like; as, election returns; a return of the amount of goods produced or sold; especially, in the plural, a set of tabulated statistics prepared for general information.

(n.) The profit on, or advantage received from, labor, or an investment, undertaking, adventure, etc.

(n.) The continuation in a different direction, most often at a right angle, of a building, face of a building, or any member, as a molding or mold; -- applied to the shorter in contradistinction to the longer; thus, a facade of sixty feet east and west has a return of twenty feet north and south.

(n.) The rendering back or delivery of writ, precept, or execution, to the proper officer or court.

(n.) The certificate of an officer stating what he has done in execution of a writ, precept, etc., indorsed on the document.

(n.) The sending back of a commission with the certificate of the commissioners.

(n.) A day in bank. See Return day, below.

(n.) An official account, report, or statement, rendered to the commander or other superior officer; as, the return of men fit for duty; the return of the number of the sick; the return of provisions, etc.

(n.) The turnings and windings of a trench or mine.

(n.) The roots of the Chilian plant Calceolaria arachnoidea, -- used for dyeing crimson.

(v. i.) To become less rigid or hard; to yield; to dissolve; to melt; to deliquesce.

(v. i.) To become less severe or intense; to become less hard, harsh, cruel, or the like; to soften in temper; to become more mild and tender; to feel compassion.

(v. t.) To slacken; to abate.

(v. t.) To soften; to dissolve.

(v. t.) To mollify ; to cause to be less harsh or severe.

(n.) Stay; stop; delay.

(n.) A small water course or gutter.

(imp. & p. p.) of Ring

(a.) Of or pertaining to the Ratitae.

(n.) One of the Ratitae.

(n.) Same as Rattoon, n.

(n.) A rattan cane.

(v. i.) Same as Rattoon, v. i.

(v. t.) To deprive feloniously of the tools used in one's employment (as by breaking or stealing them), for the purpose of annoying; as, to ratten a mechanic who works during a strike.

(n.) One who, or that which, rats, as one who deserts his party.

(n.) Anything which catches rats; esp., a dog trained to catch rats; a rat terrier. See Terrier.

(v. i.) To make a quick succession of sharp, inharmonious noises, as by the collision of hard and not very sonorous bodies shaken together; to clatter.

(v. i.) To drive or ride briskly, so as to make a clattering; as, we rattled along for a couple of miles.

(v. i.) To make a clatter with the voice; to talk rapidly and idly; to clatter; -- with on or away; as, she rattled on for an hour.

(v. t.) To cause to make a rattling or clattering sound; as, to rattle a chain.

(v. t.) To assail, annoy, or stun with a rattling noise.

(v. t.) Hence, to disconcert; to confuse; as, to rattle one's judgment; to rattle a player in a game.

(v. t.) To scold; to rail at.

(n.) A rapid succession of sharp, clattering sounds; as, the rattle of a drum.

(n.) Noisy, rapid talk.

(n.) An instrument with which a rattling sound is made; especially, a child's toy that rattles when shaken.

(n.) A woman whose husband is dead; a widow.

(n.) The act of relieving, or the state of being relieved; the removal, or partial removal, of any evil, or of anything oppressive or burdensome, by which some ease is obtained; succor; alleviation; comfort; ease; redress.

(n.) Release from a post, or from the performance of duty, by the intervention of others, by discharge, or by relay; as, a relief of a sentry.

(n.) That which removes or lessens evil, pain, discomfort, uneasiness, etc.; that which gives succor, aid, or comfort; also, the person who relieves from performance of duty by taking the place of another; a relay.

(n.) A fine or composition which the heir of a deceased tenant paid to the lord for the privilege of taking up the estate, which, on strict feudal principles, had lapsed or fallen to the lord on the death of the tenant.

(n.) The projection of a figure above the ground or plane on which it is formed.

(n.) The appearance of projection given by shading, shadow, etc., to any figure.

(n.) The height to which works are raised above the bottom of the ditch.

(n.) The elevations and surface undulations of a country.

(n.) One who relies.

(a.) Encircled or marked with, or as with, a ring or rings.

(a.) Wearning a wedding ring; hence, lawfully wedded.

(n.) One who, or that which, rings; especially, one who rings chimes on bells.

(n.) A crowbar.

(n.) A horse that is not entitled to take part in a race, but is fraudulently got into it.

(n.) One who skates at a rink.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rinse

(n.) A noisy, senseless talker; a jabberer.

(n.) A scolding; a sharp rebuke.

(n.) Any organ of an animal having a structure adapted to produce a rattling sound.

(n.) The noise in the throat produced by the air in passing through mucus which the lungs are unable to expel; -- chiefly observable at the approach of death, when it is called the death rattle. See R/le.

(a.) Hoarse; raucous.

() imp. & p. p. of Reach.

() imp. & p. p. of Reck.

(n.) Desolation by violence; violent ruin or destruction; devastation; havoc; waste; as, the ravage of a lion; the ravages of fire or tempest; the ravages of an army, or of time.

(n.) To lay waste by force; to desolate by violence; to commit havoc or devastation upon; to spoil; to plunder; to consume.

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rave

(v. t.) To taste or eat with pleasure; to like the flavor of; to partake of with gratification; hence, to enjoy; to be pleased with or gratified by; to experience pleasure from; as, to relish food.

(v. t.) To give a relish to; to cause to taste agreeably.

(v. i.) To have a pleasing or appetizing taste; to give gratification; to have a flavor.

(n.) A pleasing taste; flavor that gratifies the palate; hence, enjoyable quality; power of pleasing.

(n.) Savor; quality; characteristic tinge.

(n.) A taste for; liking; appetite; fondness.

(n.) That which is used to impart a flavor; specifically, something taken with food to render it more palatable or to stimulate the appetite; a condiment.

(n.) The projection or shoulder at the side of, or around, a tenon, on a tenoned piece.

(v. i.) To live again; to revive.

(v. t.) To recall to life; to revive.

(v. t.) To load again, as a gun.

(n.) A second lending of the same thing; a renewal of a loan.

(v. t.) To love in return.

(v. i.) To strive or struggle against anything; to make resistance; to draw back; to feel or show repugnance or reluctance.

(v. t.) To rekindle; to light again.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rely

(n.) One who, or that which, rinses.

(imp. & p. p.) of Riot

(n.) One who riots; a reveler; a roisterer.

(n.) One who engages in a riot. See Riot, n., 3.

(n.) The act or practice of rioting; riot.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rip

(adv.) Maturely; at the fit time.

(n.) One who brings fish from the seacoast to markets in inland towns.

(n.) In fencing, a return thrust after a parry.

(n.) A quick and sharp refort; a repartee.

(n.) One who, or that which, rips; a ripping tool.

(n.) A tool for trimming the edges of roofing slates.

(n.) Anything huge, extreme, startling, etc.

(v.) An implement, with teeth like those of a comb, for removing the seeds and seed vessels from flax, broom corn, etc.

(v. t.) To remove the seeds from (the stalks of flax, etc.), by means of a ripple.

(v. t.) Hence, to scratch or tear.

(v. i.) To become fretted or dimpled on the surface, as water when agitated or running over a rough bottom; to be covered with small waves or undulations, as a field of grain.

(v. i.) To make a sound as of water running gently over a rough bottom, or the breaking of ripples on the shore.

(v. t.) To fret or dimple, as the surface of running water; to cover with small waves or undulations; as, the breeze rippled the lake.

(n.) The fretting or dimpling of the surface, as of running water; little curling waves.

(n.) A little wave or undulation; a sound such as is made by little waves; as, a ripple of laughter.

(n.) a small wave on the surface of water or other liquids for which the driving force is not gravity, but surface tension.

(n.) the residual AC component in the DC current output from a rectifier, expressed as a percentage of the steady component of the current.

(a.) Having ripples; as, ripply water; hence, resembling the sound of rippling water; as, ripply laughter; a ripply cove.

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rise

(n.) Food obtained by violence; plunder; prey; raven.

(v. t. & i.) See Raven, v. t. & i.

(n.) A torrent of water.

(n.) A deep and narrow hollow, usually worn by a stream or torrent of water; a gorge; a mountain cleft.

(a.) Talking irrationally and wildly; as, a raving lunatic.

() imp. & p. p. of Remake.

(v. i.) To stay behind while others withdraw; to be left after others have been removed or destroyed; to be left after a number or quantity has been subtracted or cut off; to be left as not included or comprised.

(v. i.) To continue unchanged in place, form, or condition, or undiminished in quantity; to abide; to stay; to endure; to last.

(v. t.) To await; to be left to.

(n.) State of remaining; stay.

(n.) That which is left; relic; remainder; -- chiefly in the plural.

(n.) That which is left of a human being after the life is gone; relics; a dead body.

(n.) The posthumous works or productions, esp. literary works, of one who is dead; as, Cecil's

(v. t.) To make anew.

(v. t.) To recommit; to send back.

(n.) The act of remanding; the order for recommitment.

(v. t.) To furnish with a new mast or set of masts.

(v. t.) To remove.

(n.) Remedy.

(v. t.) To seize and carry away by violence; to snatch by force.

(v. t.) To transport with joy or delight; to delight to ecstasy.

(v. t.) To have carnal knowledge of (a woman) by force, and against her consent; to rape.

(a.) Somewhat raw.

(a.) Attaining a higher place; taking, or moving in, an upward direction; appearing above the horizon; ascending; as, the rising moon.

(a.) Increasing in wealth, power, or distinction; as, a rising state; a rising character.

(a.) Growing; advancing to adult years and to the state of active life; as, the rising generation.

(prep.) More than; exceeding; upwards of; as, a horse rising six years of age.

(n.) The act of one who, or that which, rises (in any sense).

(n.) That which rises; a tumor; a boil.

(imp. & p. p.) of Risk

(n.) One who risks or hazards.

(a.) Of or pertaining to rites or ritual; as, ritual service or sacrifices; the ritual law.

(n.) A prescribed form of performing divine service in a particular church or communion; as, the Jewish ritual.

(n.) Hence, the code of ceremonies observed by an organization; as, the ritual of the freemasons.

(n.) A book containing the rites to be observed.

(n.) A bank, shore, or coast.

(n.) A duty paid to the crown for the passage of vessels on certain rivers.

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rive

(a.) Having rivers; as, a rivery country.

(a.) Marked with sinuate and irregular furrows.

(v. t.) To dry in the sun; as, rizzared haddock.

(imp. & p. p.) of Roam

(n.) One who roams; a wanderer.

(imp. & p. p.) of Roar

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Ray

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Raze

(imp. & p. p.) of Razee

(n.) A plundering and destructive incursion; a foray; a raid.

() of Reach

(n.) That which relieves or cures a disease; any medicine or application which puts an end to disease and restores health; -- with for; as, a remedy for the gout.

(n.) That which corrects or counteracts an evil of any kind; a corrective; a counteractive; reparation; cure; -- followed by for or against, formerly by to.

(n.) The legal means to recover a right, or to obtain redress for a wrong.

(n.) To apply a remedy to; to relieve; to cure; to heal; to repair; to redress; to correct; to counteract.

(v. t.) To melt again.

(n.) One who, or that which, roars.

(n.) A riotous fellow; a roaring boy.

(n.) A horse subject to roaring. See Roaring, 2.

(n.) The barn owl.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rob

(n.) See Roperand.

(n.) One who robs; in law, one who feloniously takes goods or money from the person of another by violence or by putting him in fear.

(v. t.) To put (one) in mind of something; to bring to the remembrance of; to bring to the notice or consideration of (a person).

(v. t.) To send, give, or grant back; to release a claim to; to resign or surrender by deed; to return.

(n.) A giving or granting back; surrender; return; release, as of a claim.

(a.) Not energetic or exact in duty or business; not careful or prompt in fulfilling engagements; negligent; careless; tardy; behindhand; lagging; slack; hence, lacking earnestness or activity; languid; slow.

(n.) The act of being remiss; inefficiency; failure.

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Robe

(n.) The act of putting on a robe.

(a.) Evincing strength; indicating vigorous health; strong; sinewy; muscular; vigorous; sound; as, a robust body; robust youth; robust health.

(a.) Violent; rough; rude.

(a.) Requiring strength or vigor; as, robust employment.

(n.) A linen garment resembling the surplise, but with narrower sleeves, also without sleeves, worn by bishops, and by some other ecclesiastical dignitaries, in certain religious ceremonies.

(v. t.) Alt. of Remould

(n.) A frock or outer garment worn in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.

(n.) The red gurnard, or gurnet. See Gurnard.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rock

(n.) A cruciferous plant (Eruca sativa) sometimes eaten in Europe as a salad.

(n.) Damewort.

(n.) Rocket larkspur. See below.

(n.) An artificial firework consisting of a cylindrical case of paper or metal filled with a composition of combustible ingredients, as niter, charcoal, and sulphur, and fastened to a guiding stick. The rocket is projected through the air by the force arising from the expansion of the gases liberated by combustion of the composition. Rockets are used as projectiles for various purposes, for signals, and also for pyrotechnic display.

(n.) A blunt lance head used in the joust.

(v. i.) To rise straight up; said of birds; usually in the present participle or as an adjective.

(n.) A florid style of ornamentation which prevailed in Europe in the latter part of the eighteenth century.

(a.) Of or pertaining to the style called rococo; like rococo; florid; fantastic.

(v. t.) Gnawing; biting; corroding; (Med.) applied to a destructive variety of cancer or ulcer.

(v. t.) Gnawing.

(v. t.) Of or pertaining to the Rodentia.

(n.) One of the Rodentia.

(n.) Royalty.

(n.) Loyalty; faithfulness.

(n.) Reality.

(n.) Immobility, or the fixed, permanent nature of real property; as, chattels which savor of the realty; -- so written in legal language for reality.

(n.) Real estate; a piece of real property.

(imp. & p. p.) of Ream

(n.) One who, or that which, reams; specifically, an instrument with cutting or scraping edges, used, with a twisting motion, for enlarging a round hole, as the bore of a cannon, etc.

(n.) Delay; obstacle; hindrance.

(n.) Any one of several species of fishes belonging to Echeneis, Remora, and allied genera. Called also sucking fish.

(n.) An instrument formerly in use, intended to retain parts in their places.

(v. t.) To excite to remorse; to rebuke.

(v. i.) To feel remorse.

(superl.) Removed to a distance; not near; far away; distant; -- said in respect to time or to place; as, remote ages; remote lands.

(superl.) Hence, removed; not agreeing, according, or being related; -- in various figurative uses.

(superl.) Not agreeing; alien; foreign.

(superl.) Not nearly related; not close; as, a remote connection or consanguinity.

(superl.) Separate; abstracted.

(superl.) Not proximate or acting directly; primary; distant.

(superl.) Not obvious or sriking; as, a remote resemblance.

(imp. & p. p.) of Reap

(imp. & p. p.) of Rear

(n.) One who, or that which, rears.

(adv.) Early.

(n.) A thought or a consideration offered in support of a determination or an opinion; a just ground for a conclusion or an action; that which is offered or accepted as an explanation; the efficient cause of an occurrence or a phenomenon; a motive for an action or a determination; proof, more or less decisive, for an opinion or a conclusion; principle; efficient cause; final cause; ground of argument.

(n.) The faculty or capacity of the human mind by which it is distinguished from the intelligence of the inferior animals; the higher as distinguished from the lower cognitive faculties, sense, imagination, and memory, and in contrast to the feelings and desires. Reason comprises conception, judgment, reasoning, and the intuitional faculty. Specifically, it is the intuitional faculty, or the faculty of first truths, as distinguished from the understanding, which is called the discursive or ratiocinative faculty.

(superl.) Separated by intervals greater than usual.

(v. t.) To move away from the position occupied; to cause to change place; to displace; as, to remove a building.

(v. t.) To cause to leave a person or thing; to cause to cease to be; to take away; hence, to banish; to destroy; to put an end to; to kill; as, to remove a disease.

(v. t.) To dismiss or discharge from office; as, the President removed many postmasters.

(v. i.) To change place in any manner, or to make a change in place; to move or go from one residence, position, or place to another.

(n.) The act of removing; a removal.

(n.) The transfer of one's business, or of one's domestic belongings, from one location or dwelling house to another; -- in the United States usually called a move.

(n.) The state of being removed.

(n.) That which is removed, as a dish removed from table to make room for something else.

(n.) The distance or space through which anything is removed; interval; distance; stage; hence, a step or degree in any scale of gradation; specifically, a division in an English public school; as, the boy went up two removes last year.

(n.) The act of resetting a horse's shoe.

(n.) Due exercise of the reasoning faculty; accordance with, or that which is accordant with and ratified by, the mind rightly exercised; right intellectual judgment; clear and fair deductions from true principles; that which is dictated or supported by the common sense of mankind; right conduct; right; propriety; justice.

(n.) Ratio; proportion.

(n.) To exercise the rational faculty; to deduce inferences from premises; to perform the process of deduction or of induction; to ratiocinate; to reach conclusions by a systematic comparison of facts.

(n.) Hence: To carry on a process of deduction or of induction, in order to convince or to confute; to formulate and set forth propositions and the inferences from them; to argue.

(n.) To converse; to compare opinions.

(v. t.) To arrange and present the reasons for or against; to examine or discuss by arguments; to debate or discuss; as, I reasoned the matter with my friend.

(v. t.) To support with reasons, as a request.

(v. t.) To persuade by reasoning or argument; as, to reason one into a belief; to reason one out of his plan.

(v. t.) To overcome or conquer by adducing reasons; -- with down; as, to reason down a passion.

(v. t.) To find by logical processes; to explain or justify by reason or argument; -- usually with out; as, to reason out the causes of the librations of the moon.

(imp. & p. p.) of Roll

(v. t.) To give a new name to.

(n.) One who rends.

(v. t.) To return; to pay back; to restore.

(v. t.) To inflict, as a retribution; to requite.

(v. t.) To give up; to yield; to surrender.

(v. t.) Hence, to furnish; to contribute.

(v. t.) To furnish; to state; to deliver; as, to render an account; to render judgment.

(v. t.) To cause to be, or to become; as, to render a person more safe or more unsafe; to render a fortress secure.

(v. t.) To translate from one language into another; as, to render Latin into English.

(v. t.) To interpret; to set forth, represent, or exhibit; as, an actor renders his part poorly; a singer renders a passage of music with great effect; a painter renders a scene in a felicitous manner.

(v. t.) To try out or extract (oil, lard, tallow, etc.) from fatty animal substances; as, to render tallow.

(v. t.) To plaster, as a wall of masonry, without the use of lath.

(v. i.) To give an account; to make explanation or confession.

(n.) One who, or that which, rolls; especially, a cylinder, sometimes grooved, of wood, stone, metal, etc., used in husbandry and the arts.

(n.) A bandage; a fillet; properly, a long and broad bandage used in surgery.

(n.) One of series of long, heavy waves which roll in upon a coast, sometimes in calm weather.

(n.) A long, belt-formed towel, to be suspended on a rolling cylinder; -- called also roller towel.

(n.) A cylinder coated with a composition made principally of glue and molassess, with which forms of type are inked previously to taking an impression from them.

(n.) A long cylinder on which something is rolled up; as, the roller of a man.

(n.) A small wheel, as of a caster, a roller skate, etc.

(n.) ANy insect whose larva rolls up leaves; a leaf roller. see Tortrix.

(n.) Any one of numerous species of Old World picarian birds of the family Coraciadae. The name alludes to their habit of suddenly turning over or "tumbling" in flight.

(n.) Any species of small ground snakes of the family Tortricidae.

(n.) A small wagon used for the underground work of a mine.

(a.) Rusty and rancid; -- applied to salt meat.

(imp. & p. p.) of Reave

(n.) One who reaves.

(v. t.) To beat to obtuseness; to deprive of keenness; to blunt; to turn back the point of, as a lance used for exercise.

(v. t.) To deduct from; to make a discount from, as interest due, or customs duties.

(v. i.) To abate; to withdraw.

(n.) Diminution.

(n.) Deduction; abatement; as, a rebate of interest for immediate payment; a rebate of importation duties.

(n.) A rectangular longitudinal recess or groove, cut in the corner or edge of any body; a rabbet. See Rabbet.

(n.) A piece of wood hafted into a long stick, and serving to beat out mortar.

(n.) An iron tool sharpened something like a chisel, and used for dressing and polishing wood.

(n.) A kind of hard freestone used in making pavements.

(v. t.) To cut a rebate in. See Rabbet, v.

(n.) Same as Rabato.

(v. i.) To pass; to run; -- said of the passage of a rope through a block, eyelet, etc.; as, a rope renders well, that is, passes freely; also, to yield or give way.

(n.) A surrender.

(n.) A return; a payment of rent.

(n.) An account given; a statement.

(v. t.) To deny; to disown.

(v. i.) To deny.

(v. i.) To revoke.

(v. t. & i.) To boil, or to cause to boil, again.

(v. t. & i.) Fig.: To make or to become hot.

(p. p.) Born again.

(v. t.) To check, silence, or put down, with reproof; to restrain by expression of disapprobation; to reprehend sharply and summarily; to chide; to reprove; to admonish.

(n.) A direct and pointed reproof; a reprimand; also, chastisement; punishment.

(n.) Check; rebuff.

(v. t.) To bury again.

(v. t.) To call back; to summon to return; as, to recall troops; to recall an ambassador.

(v. t.) To revoke; to annul by a subsequent act; to take back; to withdraw; as, to recall words, or a decree.

(v. t.) To call back to mind; to revive in memory; to recollect; to remember; as, to recall bygone days.

(n.) A calling back; a revocation.

(n.) A call on the trumpet, bugle, or drum, by which soldiers are recalled from duty, labor, etc.

(v. t.) To withdraw or repudiate formally and publicly (opinions formerly expressed); to contradict, as a former declaration; to take back openly; to retract; to recall.

(v. i.) To revoke a declaration or proposition; to unsay what has been said; to retract; as, convince me that I am wrong, and I will recant.

(v. t.) To throw again.

(v. t.) To mold anew; to cast anew; to throw into a new form or shape; to reconstruct; as, to recast cannon; to recast an argument or a play.

(v. t.) To compute, or cast up, a second time.

(v. i.) To reck.

(n.) A name of many different kinds of apples. Cf. Reinette.

(v.) The inner, or mucous, membrane of the fourth stomach of the calf, or other young ruminant; also, an infusion or preparation of it, used for coagulating milk.

(n.) A milk-clotting enzyme obtained from the true stomach (abomasum) of a suckling calf. Mol. wt. about 31,000. Also called chymosin, rennase, and abomasal enzyme.

(v.) The state of being much known and talked of; exalted reputation derived from the extensive praise of great achievements or accomplishments; fame; celebrity; -- always in a good sense.

(v.) Report of nobleness or exploits; praise.

(v. t.) To make famous; to give renown to.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rent

(n.) A schedule, account, or list of rents, with the names of the tenants, etc.; a rent roll.

(n.) A sum total of rents; as, an estate that yields a rental of ten thousand dollars a year.

(n.) One who rents or leases an estate; -- usually said of a lessee or tenant.

(v. t.) To sew together so that the seam is scarcely visible; to sew up with skill and nicety; to finedraw.

(v. t.) To restore the original design of, by working in new warp; -- said with reference to tapestry.

(v. t.) To send back.

(n.) A sending back.

(v.& n.) Rumble.

(imp. & p. p.) of Romp

(n.) A withdrawing or retiring; a moving back; retreat; as, the recess of the tides.

(n.) The state of being withdrawn; seclusion; privacy.

(n.) Remission or suspension of business or procedure; intermission, as of a legislative body, court, or school.

(n.) Part of a room formed by the receding of the wall, as an alcove, niche, etc.

(n.) A place of retirement, retreat, secrecy, or seclusion.

(n.) Secret or abstruse part; as, the difficulties and recesses of science.

(n.) A sinus.

(v. t.) To make a recess in; as, to recess a wall.

(n.) A decree of the imperial diet of the old German empire.

(v. t. & i.) To open again.

(v. t.) To pace again; to walk over again in a contrary direction.

(v. t.) To pack a second time or anew; as, to repack beef; to repack a trunk.

() imp. & p. p. of Repay.

(v. i.) To return.

(v. i.) To go; to betake one's self; to resort; ass, to repair to sanctuary for safety.

(n.) The act of repairing or resorting to a place.

(n.) Place to which one repairs; a haunt; a resort.

(v. t.) To restore to a sound or good state after decay, injury, dilapidation, or partial destruction; to renew; to restore; to mend; as, to repair a house, a road, a shoe, or a ship; to repair a shattered fortune.

(v. t.) To make amends for, as for an injury, by an equivalent; to indemnify for; as, to repair a loss or damage.

(n.) Restoration to a sound or good state after decay, waste, injury, or partial restruction; supply of loss; reparation; as, materials are collected for the repair of a church or of a city.

(n.) Condition with respect to soundness, perfectness, etc.; as, a house in good, or bad, repair; the book is out of repair.

(a.) Having a slightly undulating margin; -- said of leaves.

(n.) A small round tower erected at the foot of a bastion.

(n.) Same as Rondeau.

(n.) Specifically, a particular form of rondeau containing fourteen lines in two rhymes, the refrain being a repetition of the first and second lines as the seventh and eighth, and again as the thirteenth and fourteenth.

(n.) A rondeau.

(n.) A round mass, plate, or disk; especially (Metal.), the crust or scale which forms upon the surface of molten metal in the crucible.

(n.) Alt. of Ronyon

(n.) A mangy or scabby creature.

(imp. & p. p.) of Roof

(n.) One who puts on roofs.

(n.) A formulary or prescription for making some combination, mixture, or preparation of materials; a receipt; especially, a prescription for medicine.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rook

(imp. & p. p.) of Room

(n.) A lodger.

(a.) At a greater distance; farther off.

(n.) Room; space.

(v. t.) To pass again; to pass or travel over in the opposite direction; to pass a second time; as, to repass a bridge or a river; to repass the sea.

(v. i.) To pass or go back; to move back; as, troops passing and repassing before our eyes.

(n.) The act of taking food.

(n.) That which is taken as food; a meal; figuratively, any refreshment.

(v. t. & i.) To supply food to; to feast; to take food.

(imp. & p. p.) of Repay

(v. t.) To go over again; to attempt, do, make, or utter again; to iterate; to recite; as, to repeat an effort, an order, or a poem.

(v. t.) To make trial of again; to undergo or encounter again.

(v. t.) To repay or refund (an excess received).

(n.) The act of repeating; repetition.

(n.) That which is repeated; as, the repeat of a pattern; that is, the repetition of the engraved figure on a roller by which an impression is produced (as in calico printing, etc.).

(n.) A mark, or series of dots, placed before and after, or often only at the end of, a passage to be repeated in performance.

(v. t.) To repeat, as something already prepared, written down, committed to memory, or the like; to deliver from a written or printed document, or from recollection; to rehearse; as, to recite the words of an author, or of a deed or covenant.

(v. t.) To tell over; to go over in particulars; to relate; to narrate; as, to recite past events; to recite the particulars of a voyage.

(v. t.) To rehearse, as a lesson to an instructor.

(v. t.) To state in or as a recital. See Recital, 5.

(v. i.) To repeat, pronounce, or rehearse, as before an audience, something prepared or committed to memory; to rehearse a lesson learned.

(n.) A recital.

(imp. & p. p.) of Reck

(imp. & p. p.) of Root

(a.) Prostrate and rooting; -- said of stems.

(a.) Same as Reptant.

(v. i.) To feel pain, sorrow, or regret, for what one has done or omitted to do.

(v. i.) To change the mind, or the course of conduct, on account of regret or dissatisfaction.

(v. i.) To be sorry for sin as morally evil, and to seek forgiveness; to cease to love and practice sin.

(v. t.) To feel pain on account of; to remember with sorrow.

(v. t.) To feel regret or sorrow; -- used reflexively.

(v. t.) To cause to have sorrow or regret; -- used impersonally.

(v. t.) To count; to enumerate; to number; also, to compute; to calculate.

(v. t.) To count as in a number, rank, or series; to estimate by rank or quality; to place by estimation; to account; to esteem; to repute.

(v. t.) To charge, attribute, or adjudge to one, as having a certain quality or value.

(v. t.) To conclude, as by an enumeration and balancing of chances; hence, to think; to suppose; -- followed by an objective clause; as, I reckon he won't try that again.

(v. i.) To make an enumeration or computation; to engage in numbering or computing.

(v. i.) To come to an accounting; to make up accounts; to settle; to examine and strike the balance of debt and credit; to adjust relations of desert or penalty.

(a.) Having taken root; firmly implanted; fixed in the heart.

(n.) One who, or that which, roots; one that tears up by the roots.

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rope

(n.) A place where ropes are made.

(n.) Tricks deserving the halter; roguery.

(adv.) In a ropy manner; in a viscous or glutinous manner.

(a.) Somewhat ropy.

(v. t.) To hit, as another's ball, with one's own ball.

(v. i.) To hit another's ball with one's own.

(v. i.) To fail; to wane.

(v. i.) To continue pining; to feel inward discontent which preys on the spirits; to indulge in envy or complaint; to murmur.

(n.) Vexation; mortification.

(n.) Any edible sea urchin.

(v. t.) To boil or cook again; hence, to make over; to vamp up; to reconstruct.

(a.) Containing, or consisting of, dew; dewy.

(a.) resembling a rose in smell or color.

(v. i.) To start, roll, bound, spring, or fall back; to take a reverse motion; to be driven or forced backward; to return.

(v. i.) To draw back, as from anything repugnant, distressing, alarming, or the like; to shrink.

(v. i.) To turn or go back; to withdraw one's self; to retire.

(v. t.) To draw or go back.

(n.) A starting or falling back; a rebound; a shrinking; as, the recoil of nature, or of the blood.

(n.) The state or condition of having recoiled.

(n.) Specifically, the reaction or rebounding of a firearm when discharged.

(v. t.) To coin anew or again.

() A prefix (also used adjectively) signifying rose-red; specifically used to designate certain rose-red compounds (called roseo-cobaltic compounds) of cobalt with ammonia. Cf. Luteo-.

(n.) A place where roses are cultivated; a nursery of roses. See Rosary, 1.

(n.) The framework of some pods, as the cress, which remains after the valves drop off.

(v. t.) To replace.

(v. t.) To refer.

(v. t.) To bring back, as an answer; to announce in return; to relate, as what has been discovered by a person sent to examine, explore, or investigate; as, a messenger reports to his employer what he has seen or ascertained; the committee reported progress.

(v. t.) To give an account of; to relate; to tell; to circulate publicly, as a story; as, in the common phrase, it is reported.

(v. t.) To give an official account or statement of; as, a treasurer reports the receipts and expenditures.

(v. t.) To return or repeat, as sound; to echo.

(v. t.) To return or present as the result of an examination or consideration of any matter officially referred; as, the committee reported the bill witth amendments, or reported a new bill, or reported the results of an inquiry.

(v. t.) To make minutes of, as a speech, or the doings of a public body; to write down from the lips of a speaker.

(v. t.) To write an account of for publication, as in a newspaper; as, to report a public celebration or a horse race.

(v. t.) To make a statement of the conduct of, especially in an unfavorable sense; as, to report a servant to his employer.

(v. i.) To make a report, or response, in respect of a matter inquired of, a duty enjoined, or information expected; as, the committee will report at twelve o'clock.

(v. i.) To furnish in writing an account of a speech, the proceedings at a meeting, the particulars of an occurrence, etc., for publication.

(v. i.) To present one's self, as to a superior officer, or to one to whom service is due, and to be in readiness for orders or to do service; also, to give information, as of one's address, condition, etc.; as, the officer reported to the general for duty; to report weekly by letter.

(v. t.) That which is reported.

(v. t.) An account or statement of the results of examination or inquiry made by request or direction; relation.

(v. t.) A story or statement circulating by common talk; a rumor; hence, fame; repute; reputation.

(v. t.) Sound; noise; as, the report of a pistol or cannon.

(v. t.) An official statement of facts, verbal or written; especially, a statement in writing of proceedings and facts exhibited by an officer to his superiors; as, the reports of the heads af departments to Congress, of a master in chancery to the court, of committees to a legislative body, and the like.

(a.) Decorated with roses, or with the color of roses.

(n.) A rosebush; roses, collectively.

(adv.) In a rosy manner.

(a.) like rosin, or having its qualities.

(n.) same as Rostellum.

(n.) A register or roll showing the order in which officers, enlisted men, companies, or regiments are called on to serve.

(n. pl.) See Rostrum, 2.

(v. t.) An account or statement of a judicial opinion or decision, or of case argued and determined in a court of law, chancery, etc.; also, in the plural, the volumes containing such reports; as, Coke's Reports.

(v. t.) A sketch, or a fully written account, of a speech, debate, or the proceedings of a public meeting, legislative body, etc.

(v. t.) Rapport; relation; connection; reference.

(v. t.) To pour again.

(pl. ) of Rostrum

(imp. & p. p.) of Rot

(a.) Having the parts spreading out like a wheel; wheel-shaped; as, a rotate spicule or scale; a rotate corolla, i.e., a monopetalous corolla with a flattish border, and no tube or a very short one.

(v. i.) To turn, as a wheel, round an axis; to revolve.

(v. i.) To perform any act, function, or operation in turn, to hold office in turn; as, to rotate in office.

(v. i.) To cause to turn round or revolve, as a wheel around an axle.

(v. i.) To cause to succeed in turn; esp., to cause to succeed some one, or to be succeeded by some one, in office.

(n.) A very small arctic sea bird (Mergulus alle, or Alle alle) common on both coasts of the Atlantic in winter; -- called also little auk, dovekie, rotch, rotchie, and sea dove.

(a.) Having rotted; putrid; decayed; as, a rotten apple; rotten meat.

(a.) Offensive to the smell; fetid; disgusting.

(a.) Not firm or trusty; unsound; defective; treacherous; unsafe; as, a rotten plank, bone, stone.

(n.) The patella, or kneepan.

(a.) Round; circular; spherical.

(a.) Hence, complete; entire.

(a.) Orbicular, or nearly so.

(n.) A rotunda.

(n.) A coin. See Ruble.

(n.) See Ruche.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rouge

(v. t.) To copy again.

(v. t.) To recall to mind; to recollect; to remember; to meditate.

(v. t.) To repeat; to recite; to sing or play.

(v. t.) To preserve the memory of, by committing to writing, to printing, to inscription, or the like; to make note of; to write or enter in a book or on parchment, for the purpose of preserving authentic evidence of; to register; to enroll; as, to record the proceedings of a court; to record historical events.

(v. i.) To reflect; to ponder.

(v. i.) To sing or repeat a tune.

(v. t.) A writing by which some act or event, or a number of acts or events, is recorded; a register; as, a record of the acts of the Hebrew kings; a record of the variations of temperature during a certain time; a family record.

(v. t.) An official contemporaneous writing by which the acts of some public body, or public officer, are recorded; as, a record of city ordinances; the records of the receiver of taxes.

(v. t.) An authentic official copy of a document which has been entered in a book, or deposited in the keeping of some officer designated by law.

(v. t.) An official contemporaneous memorandum stating the proceedings of a court of justice; a judicial record.

(v. t.) The various legal papers used in a case, together with memoranda of the proceedings of the court; as, it is not permissible to allege facts not in the record.

(v. t.) Testimony; witness; attestation.

(v. t.) That which serves to perpetuate a knowledge of acts or events; a monument; a memorial.

(v. t.) That which has been, or might be, recorded; the known facts in the course, progress, or duration of anything, as in the life of a public man; as, a politician with a good or a bad record.

(v. t.) That which has been publicly achieved in any kind of competitive sport as recorded in some authoritative manner, as the time made by a winning horse in a race.

() imp. of Reach.

() imp. of Reck, to care.

(v. t.) Alt. of Recoupe

(v. t.) To fight against; to oppose; to resist.

(n.) The handle by which the bed of a hand press, holding the form of type, etc., is run in under the platen and out again; -- sometimes applied to the whole apparatus by which the form is moved under the platen.

(n.) A common hackney horse; a nag.

(v. t.) To hold in thought; to account; to estimate; to hold; to think; to reckon.

(n.) Character reputed or attributed; reputation, whether good or bad; established opinion; public estimate.

(n.) Specifically: Good character or reputation; credit or honor derived from common or public opinion; -- opposed to disrepute.

(a.) Round.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rouse

(n.) One who, or that which, rouses.

(n.) Something very exciting or great.

(n.) A stirrer in a copper for boiling wort.

(a.) Of or pertaining to the rectum; in the region of the rectum.

(n.) The man-eater, or white shark (Carcharodon carcharias); -- so called on account of its causing requiems to be sung.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rout

(n.) A plane made like a spokeshave, for working the inside edges of circular sashes.

(n.) A plane with a hooked tool protruding far below the sole, for smoothing the bottom of a cavity.

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rove

() A combining form indicating connection with, or relation to, the rectum; as, recto-vesical.

(n.) The operatin of forming the rove, or slightly twisted sliver or roll of wool or cotton, by means of a machine for the purpose, called a roving frame, or roving machine.

(n.) A roll or sliver of wool or cotton drawn out and slightly twisted; a rove. See 2d Rove, 2.

(n.) The act of one who roves or wanders.

(p. pr. & vb. n.) of Row

(v. t. & i.) To sail again; also, to sail back, as to a former port.

(n.) A sale at second hand, or at retail; also, a second sale.

(v. t.) To free or deliver from any confinement, violence, danger, or evil; to liberate from actual restraint; to remove or withdraw from a state of exposure to evil; as, to rescue a prisoner from the enemy; to rescue seamen from destruction.

(n.) The terminal part of the large intestine; -- so named because supposed by the old anatomists to be straight. See Illust. under Digestive.

(n.) A straight muscle; as, the recti of the eye.

(v. i.) To recoil.

(n.) Alt. of Reculement

(v. i.) To lean; to recline; to repose.

(v. t.) To arrive at; to reach; to attain.

(v. t.) To recover; to regain; to repossess.

(v. t.) To restore, as from weariness, sickness; or the like; to repair.

(v. t.) To be a cure for; to remedy.

(n.) Cure; remedy; recovery.

(imp. & p. p.) of Rub

(v.) The act of rescuing; deliverance from restraint, violence, or danger; liberation.

(v.) The forcible retaking, or taking away, against law, of things lawfully distrained.

(v.) The forcible liberation of a person from an arrest or imprisonment.

(v.) The retaking by a party captured of a prize made by the enemy.

(v. t.) To seat or set again, as on a chair, throne, etc.

(v. t.) To put a new seat, or new seats, in; as, to reseat a theater; to reseat a chair or trousers.

(v. t.) To cut or pare off; to remove by cutting.

(v. t.) To seek again.

(v. t.) To sell again; to sell what has been bought or sold; to retail.

(v. t.) To send again; as, to resend a message.

(v. t.) To send back; as, to resend a gift.

(v. t.) To send on from an intermediate station by means of a repeater.

(v. t.) To refuse or reject, as a judge; to challenge that the judge shall not try the cause.

(v. t.) To reduce to form, as literary matter; to digest and put in shape (matter for publication); to edit.

(adv.) Royally.

(adv.) In a real manner; with or in reality; actually; in truth.

(n.) Repercussion, or beating back; a quick and sudden resistance.

(n.) Sudden check; unexpected repulse; defeat; refusal; repellence; rejection of solicitation.

(v. t.) To beat back; to offer sudden resistance to; to check; to repel or repulse violently, harshly, or uncourteously.

(v. i.) To move back; to retreat; to withdraw.

(v. i.) To withdraw a claim or pretension; to desist; to relinquish what had been proposed or asserted; as, to recede from a demand or proposition.

(v. i.) To cede back; to grant or yield again to a former possessor; as, to recede conquered territory.

() A combining form signifying straight; as, rectilineal, having straight lines; rectinerved.

(n.) A kind of grass (Agrostis vulgaris) highly valued in the United States for pasturage and hay for cattle; -- called also English grass, and in some localities herd's grass. See Illustration in Appendix. The tall redtop is Triodia seslerioides.

(v. t.) To echo back; to reverberate again; as, the hills reecho the roar of cannon.

(v. i.) To give echoes; to return back, or be reverberated, as an echo; to resound; to be resonant.

(n.) The echo of an echo; a repeated or second echo.

(v. t.) To fund again or anew; to replace (a fund or loan) by a new fund; as, to refund a railroad loan.

(v. t.) To pour back.

(v. t.) To give back; to repay; to restore.

(v. t.) To supply again with funds; to reimburse.

() imp. & p. p. of Relay.

(imp. & p. p.) of Relay

(n.) To mark in a notable manner; to distinquish clearly; to make noticeable or conspicuous; to piont out.

(n.) To take notice of, or to observe, mentally; as, to remark the manner of a speaker.

(n.) To express in words or writing, as observed or noticed; to state; to say; -- often with a substantive clause; as, he remarked that it was time to go.

(v. i.) To make a remark or remarks; to comment.

(n.) Act of remarking or attentively noticing; notice or observation.

(n.) The expression, in speech or writing, of something remarked or noticed; the mention of that which is worthy of attention or notice; hence, also, a casual observation, comment, or statement; as, a pertinent remark.

(v.) To cause to stop or to rest after motion; hence, to deposit; to lay down; to lodge; to reposit.

(v.) To lay at rest; to cause to be calm or quiet; to compose; to rest, -- often reflexive; as, to repose one's self on a couch.

(v.) To place, have, or rest; to set; to intrust.

(v. i.) To lie at rest; to rest.

(v. i.) Figuratively, to remain or abide restfully without anxiety or alarms.

(v. i.) To lie; to be supported; as, trap reposing on sand.

(v.) A lying at rest; sleep; rest; quiet.

(v.) Rest of mind; tranquillity; freedom from uneasiness; also, a composed manner or deportment.

(v.) A rest; a pause.

(v.) That harmony or moderation which affords rest for the eye; -- opposed to the scattering and division of a subject into too many unconnected parts, and also to anything which is overstrained; as, a painting may want repose.

(v. t.) To sign back; to return by a formal act; to yield to another; to surrender; -- said especially of office or emolument. Hence, to give up; to yield; to submit; -- said of the wishes or will, or of something valued; -- also often used reflexively.

(v. t.) To relinquish; to abandon.

(v. t.) To commit to the care of; to consign.

() A prefix or combining form signifying backward, back; as, retroact, to act backward; retrospect, a looking back.

(v. i.) To turn back; to go or come again to the same place or condition.

(v. i.) To come back, or begin again, after an interval, regular or irregular; to appear again.

(v. i.) To speak in answer; to reply; to respond.

(v. i.) To revert; to pass back into possession.

(v. i.) To go back in thought, narration, or argument.

(v. t.) To bring, carry, send, or turn, back; as, to return a borrowed book, or a hired horse.

(v. t.) To repay; as, to return borrowed money.

(v. t.) To give in requital or recompense; to requite.

(v. t.) To give back in reply; as, to return an answer; to return thanks.

(v. t.) To retort; to throw back; as, to return the lie.

(v. t.) To report, or bring back and make known.

(v. t.) To render, as an account, usually an official account, to a superior; to report officially by a list or statement; as, to return a list of stores, of killed or wounded; to return the result of an election.

(v. t.) Hence, to elect according to the official report of the election officers.

(v. t.) To bring or send back to a tribunal, or to an office, with a certificate of what has been done; as, to return a writ.

(v. t.) To convey into official custody, or to a general depository.